{"id":551,"date":"2018-03-08T13:48:23","date_gmt":"2018-03-08T12:48:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2018\/03\/08\/vyhody-a-mozna-rizika-vegetarianstvi-a-veganstvi\/"},"modified":"2025-02-07T15:11:33","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T14:11:33","slug":"vyhody-a-mozna-rizika-vegetarianstvi-a-veganstvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/vyhody-a-mozna-rizika-vegetarianstvi-a-veganstvi\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdhody a mo\u017en\u00e1 rizika vegetari\u00e1nstv\u00ed a veganstv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch a mo\u017en\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch rizic\u00edch vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho a vegansk\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu stravov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/jak_kde\/spiz.jpg\" alt=\"spiz\" width=\"94\" height=\"75\" style=\"text-align: left;float: left\" title=\"spiz\" border=\"0\" hspace=\"5\" \/><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm alternativn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem stravov\u00e1n\u00ed u n\u00e1s, je\u017e se odli\u0161uje od toho \u201eb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho\u201c \u010di \u201eobvykl\u00e9ho\u201c zp\u016fsobu, je vegetari\u00e1nstv\u00ed. Vegetari\u00e1ni odm\u00edtaj\u00ed j\u00edst \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nebo \u00fapln\u011b potraviny \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00fd zp\u016fsob stravov\u00e1n\u00ed je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b mnoha odborn\u00fdmi skupinami uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n za vhodn\u00fd zp\u016fsob p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed mnoha onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jako nap\u0159. srde\u010dn\u011b-c\u00e9vn\u00ed nemoci, vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak \u010di cukrovka druh\u00e9ho typu. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 tak\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zejm\u00e9na extr\u00e9mn\u00edch vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch diet sebou nese nebo m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e9st zdravotn\u00ed rizika. O druz\u00edch vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch diet se dozv\u00edte <a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/29\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Je vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00e1 strava zdrav\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, nebo nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto ot\u00e1zku nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1 a na toto t\u00e9ma se vedou rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 diskuse. Ka\u017ed\u00fd zp\u016fsob stravov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 zajistit dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem v\u0161ech nezbytn\u00fdch slo\u017eek potravy v optim\u00e1ln\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00e1 strava neznamen\u00e1 pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka ohro\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed, sp\u00ed\u0161e naopak \u2013 sni\u017euje riziko vzniku mnoha z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch civiliza\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Je ale t\u0159eba zajistit dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch slo\u017eek potravy, kter\u00e9 jsou pro \u010dlov\u011bka nezbytn\u00e9 a v rostlinn\u00e9 strav\u011b se bu\u010f vyskytuj\u00ed m\u00e1lo, v nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9m pom\u011bru, nebo jsou z n\u00ed h\u016f\u0159e vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9. Nap\u0159\u00edklad vitamin B12 se v jin\u00fdch ne\u017e \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nevyskytuje. Proto je t\u0159eba velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b sestavovat j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek a potraviny vhodn\u011b kombinovat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro d\u011bti a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm extr\u00e9mn\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f stravov\u00e1n<\/strong>\u00ed (veganstv\u00ed, frutari\u00e1nstv\u00ed, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips155'>vitari\u00e1nstv\u00ed<\/span>), kter\u00e9 jsou sv\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 a nemohou uspokojit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 n\u00e1roky, kter\u00e9 rostouc\u00ed organizmus d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch vy\u017eaduje. Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby stravov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto neposkytuj\u00ed dostatek energie, b\u00edlkovin, v\u00e1pn\u00edku, \u017eeleza, zinku, jodu, m\u011bdi, selenu, vitamin\u016f D a B12, co\u017e jsou l\u00e1tky nezbytn\u00e9 pro zdrav\u00fd t\u011blesn\u00fd i du\u0161evn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj. Nedostatek t\u011bchto slo\u017eek v\u00fd\u017eivy m\u016f\u017ee u d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinit podv\u00fd\u017eivu, opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00fd r\u016fst a v\u00fdvoj, nedostate\u010dn\u00fd a poru\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdvin kost\u00ed, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips156'>chudokrevnost<\/span>, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1chylnost k infek\u010dn\u00edm nemocem, poruchy nervov\u00e9 soustavy atd. Proto je pro d\u011bti, dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed, ale i pro ostatn\u00ed skupiny populace, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na p\u0159\u00edjem \u017eivin (nap\u0159. t\u011bhotn\u00e9 a koj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eeny, aktivn\u00ed sportovci apod.) dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f stravov\u00e1n\u00ed nevhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se rozhodne pro dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed alternativn\u00edho zp\u016fsobu stravov\u00e1n\u00ed, by m\u011bl zn\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e1 rizika s t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem v\u00fd\u017eivy spojen\u00e9 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b jim p\u0159edch\u00e1zet.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017diviny, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt ve vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00e9 strav\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u011b zastoupeny<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>B\u00edlkoviny obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161echny nepostradateln\u00e9 aminokyseliny: <\/strong><\/em>Pro vegetari\u00e1ny, zejm\u00e9na ty, kte\u0159\u00ed zcela odm\u00edtaj\u00ed \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 potraviny, je nezbytn\u00e9 kombinovat b\u011bhem dne r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy rostlinn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f b\u00edlkovin, nap\u0159. obiloviny s lu\u0161t\u011bninami, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zvy\u0161uje biologick\u00e1 hodnota t\u011bchto b\u00edlkovin.<br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Omega-3 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips24'>nenasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny<\/span>: <\/em><\/strong>Vegetari\u00e1ni, kte\u0159\u00ed odm\u00edtaj\u00ed ryby, vejce nebo nekonzumuj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0159as, by m\u011bli dopl\u0148ovat omega-3 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny pomoc\u00ed dopl\u0148k\u016f stravy, obohacen\u00fdch potravin, ln\u011bn\u00e9ho sem\u00ednka\/oleje, o\u0159ech\u016f, s\u00f3ji \u010di \u0159epkov\u00e9ho oleje. <br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>\u017delezo: <\/em><\/strong>\u017delezo se z rostlinn\u00fdch potravin h\u016f\u0159e vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1, a proto je jeho pot\u0159eba u vegetari\u00e1n\u016f 1,8kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u nevegetari\u00e1n\u016f. Vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eeleza zlep\u0161uje vitamin C a zhor\u0161uj\u00ed fyt\u00e1ty, v\u00e1pn\u00edk, polyfenoly v \u010daji, k\u00e1v\u011b, bylinn\u00fdch \u010daj\u00edch a kakau. Nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed lu\u0161t\u011bnin a cel\u00fdch zrn vyu\u017eitelnost \u017eeleza zvy\u0161uje. <br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Zinek: <\/em><\/strong>Dostupnost zinku je z rostlinn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, a proto je pro vegetari\u00e1ny d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 konzumovat rostlinn\u00e9 potraviny, kter\u00e9 jej obsahuj\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed, jako jsou lu\u0161t\u011bniny, celozrnn\u00e9 obiloviny, o\u0159echy a s\u00fdry. Jeho vyu\u017eitelnost se zvy\u0161uje nam\u00e1\u010den\u00edm a kl\u00ed\u010den\u00edm lu\u0161t\u011bnin a cel\u00fdch zrn.<br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Jod: <\/em><\/strong>Vegetari\u00e1ni, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ti, kte\u0159\u00ed odm\u00edtaj\u00ed j\u00edst ryby, by m\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edvat jodovanou s\u016fl a konzumovat dostatek mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0159as, aby si zajistili dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem jodu.<br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>V\u00e1pn\u00edk: <\/em><\/strong>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd a dob\u0159e vst\u0159ebateln\u00fd rostlinn\u00fd zdroj v\u00e1pn\u00edku jsou pro vegetari\u00e1ny n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy zeleniny s n\u00edzk\u00fdm obsahem \u0161\u0165avelan\u016f, nap\u0159. zel\u00ed, kapusta, r\u016f\u017ei\u010dkov\u00e1 kapusta, \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 zel\u00ed, bok choy. Dal\u0161\u00ed dobr\u00e9 zdroje jsou obohacen\u00e9 potraviny, zejm\u00e9na 100% ovocn\u00e9 \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy, s\u00f3jov\u00e9 a r\u00fd\u017eov\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko. &nbsp;<br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Vitam\u00edn D: <\/em><\/strong>Vitam\u00edn D se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed v k\u016f\u017ei po jej\u00edm vystaven\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edm paprsk\u016fm a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b je p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n stravou. Je obsa\u017een zejm\u00e9na v ryb\u00edm tuku, pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00fdch s\u00fdrech a kvasnic\u00edch. P\u0159\u00edsn\u00ed vegani by m\u011bli krom\u011b dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho pobytu venku dopl\u0148ovat vitam\u00edn D formou obohacen\u00fdch potravin, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby i z nutri\u010dn\u00edch dopl\u0148k\u016f. <br \/><em><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Vitam\u00edn B12: <\/em><\/strong>Dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vitaminu B12 lze zajistit dostate\u010dnou konzumac\u00ed vajec a ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f \u010di jin\u00fdch spolehliv\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, jako jsou obohacen\u00e9 potraviny a n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy nutri\u010dn\u00edch kvasnic. Vegani, kte\u0159\u00ed pravideln\u011b nedopl\u0148uj\u00ed vitamin B12 z t\u011bchto zdroj\u016f, by m\u011bli u\u017e\u00edvat B12 z potravn\u00edch dopl\u0148k\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><span><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/strong><\/span><\/em><br \/><em><span>British Nutrition Foundation, Vegetarians and Vegan Diets, 2003.<\/span><\/em><br \/><em><span>Key TJ, Appleby PN, Rosell MS. Health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society (2006), 65, 35\u201341.<\/span><\/em><br \/><em><span>Position of the American Dietetic Association: Vegetarian Diets. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:<\/span><\/em><br \/><em><span>1266-1282.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips24','Nenasycen\u00e9 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny maj\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m uhl\u00edkov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci jednu nebo v\u00edce dvojn\u00fdch vazeb. Dle toho se d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed na mononenasycen\u00e9 a polynenasycen\u00e9, je\u017e maj\u00ed v t\u011ble odli\u0161n\u00e9 funkce.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips155','Vitari\u00e1ni jsou osoby vyzn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed konzumaci syrov\u00e9 stravy. Slovo vitari\u00e1nstv\u00ed je odvozeno od slova VITA \u2013 \u017eivot. Syrov\u00e1 strava je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za \u201eplnou \u017eivota\u201c.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips156','Chudokrevnost neboli an\u00e9mie je zp\u016fsobena nedostatkem krevn\u00edho barviva hemoglobinu. U celiakie je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou an\u00e9mie nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eeleza kv\u016fli poru\u0161en\u00e9 funkci st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice. Chudokrevnost se projevuje bledost\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a sliznic, \u00fanavou, du\u0161nost\u00ed, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1chylnost\u00ed k infekc\u00edm, zm\u011bnami na k\u016f\u017ei a nehtech. \u010cerven\u00e9 krvinky jsou p\u0159i tomto typu chudokrevnosti men\u0161\u00ed a maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed obsah hemoglobinu.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips169','Aminokyseliny jsou organick\u00e9 kyseliny, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed aminoskupinu -NH2. Aminokyseliny jsou z\u00e1kladem b\u00edlkovin a \u201estavebn\u00edm kamenem\u201c v\u0161ech \u017eiv\u00fdch organism\u016f.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips317','Koji jsou zrna, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm r\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1, nebo s\u00f3jov\u00e9 boby, sm\u00edchan\u00e9 s pl\u00edsn\u00ed Aspergillus oryzae. Tato pl\u00edse\u0148 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem kva\u0161en\u00ed mnoho \u017eiv\u00fdch enzym\u016f, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny a sacharidy na straviteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1tky.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch a mo\u017en\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch rizic\u00edch vegetari\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho a vegansk\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu stravov\u00e1n\u00ed.<br \/>\n.<br \/>\nNejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm alternativn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem stravov\u00e1n\u00ed u n\u00e1s, je\u017e se odli\u0161uje od toho \u201eb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho\u201c \u010di \u201eobvykl\u00e9ho\u201c zp\u016fsobu, je vegetari\u00e1nstv\u00ed. Vegetari\u00e1ni odm\u00edtaj\u00ed j\u00edst \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nebo \u00fapln\u011b potraviny \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alternativni-vyiva"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/551","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=551"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/551\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1540,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/551\/revisions\/1540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=551"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}