{"id":610,"date":"2013-11-26T08:03:18","date_gmt":"2013-11-26T07:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2013\/11\/26\/rafinovane-cukry\/"},"modified":"2025-02-07T15:11:33","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T14:11:33","slug":"rafinovane-cukry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/rafinovane-cukry\/","title":{"rendered":"Rafinovan\u00e9 sacharidy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">Co jsou to rafinovan\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> a kter\u00e9 potraviny je obsahuj\u00ed, jak\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed rizika n\u00e1m p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed a jak si spr\u00e1vn\u011b vyb\u00edrat sacharidov\u00e9 potraviny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co jsou rafinovan\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: left\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/ziviny_voda\/Popcorn%20maly.jpg\" alt=\"Popcorn maly\" width=\"65\" height=\"102\" \/>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed popis a d\u011blen\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharid\u016f<\/span> ji\u017e zn\u00e1te. Pokud si chcete sv\u00e9 znalosti ob\u010derstvit, m\u016f\u017eete <a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/133\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>. Rafinovan\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> (nebo tak\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span>) jsou cukry a \u0161kroby, zbaven\u00e9 b\u011bhem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> a dal\u0161\u00edch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch slo\u017eek \u2013 zrna obilnin se opakovan\u011b od\u00edraj\u00ed a zbavuj\u00ed slupky a spolu s n\u00ed i cenn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek pod slupkou, vznik\u00e1 tak b\u00edl\u00e1 mouka. Z cukrov\u00e9 \u0159epy, t\u0159tiny a dal\u0161\u00edch rostlin se lisuje, louhuje a odst\u0159e\u010fuje co nej\u010dist\u0161\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips198'>sachar\u00f3za<\/span> (disacharid obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips254'>gluk\u00f3zu<\/span> a frukt\u00f3zu) \u2013 vznik\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00fd cukr. Z kuku\u0159ice, brambor a dal\u0161\u00edch na \u0161krob bohat\u00fdch rostlin se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dist\u00fd \u0161krob, op\u011bt zbaven\u00fd <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span>, vitamin\u016f a miner\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 byly v rostlin\u011b obsa\u017eeny. Podobn\u00fdmi procesy \u2013 extrakc\u00ed z rostlin nebo \u0161t\u011bpen\u00edm \u0161krob\u016f pomoc\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips280'>enzym\u016f<\/span> se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 \u010dist\u00fd hroznov\u00fd a ovocn\u00fd cukr (gluk\u00f3za a frukt\u00f3za). Rafinovan\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> jsou tedy vysoce \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 \u0161kroby a cukry.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d jsou rafinovan\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> rizikov\u00e9 pro zdrav\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160kroby a cukry, kter\u00e9 nejsou p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny z\u00e1rove\u0148 s vl\u00e1kninou (rozpustnou i nerozpustnou), jsou velmi rychle v na\u0161\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00ed soustav\u011b rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1ny a\u017e na jednoduch\u00e9 cukry. Ty jsou pak p\u0159es st\u0159evn\u00ed a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b i \u017ealude\u010dn\u00ed st\u011bnu vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1ny do krve a d\u00e1le v j\u00e1trech p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bny na <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips254'>gluk\u00f3zu<\/span>. \u010c\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> potravina obsahuje, t\u00edm rychleji se <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> v potravin\u011b rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed a t\u00edm rychleji a v\u00fdrazn\u011bji stoup\u00e1 po konzumaci t\u00e9to potraviny hladina gluk\u00f3zy v krvi (potravina bude m\u00edt t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips114'>glykemick\u00fd index<\/span>, GI<a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/90\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Potraviny s vysok\u00fdm obsahem rafinovan\u00fdch <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharid\u016f<\/span> maj\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips114'>glykemick\u00fd index<\/span> velmi vysok\u00fd. Proto jejich \u010dast\u00e1 konzumace v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje riziko cukrovky 2. typu a obezity (nav\u00edc je po potravin\u00e1ch s vysok\u00fdm GI d\u0159\u00edve v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hlad). Zvy\u0161uje se tak\u00e9 riziko srde\u010dn\u011b c\u00e9vn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Z hlediska v\u00fd\u017eivy jsou rafinovan\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> hlavn\u011b zdrojem energie, neposkytuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nebo jen velmi m\u00e1lo jin\u00fdch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch \u017eivin \u2013 vitamin\u016f, miner\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e1tek, nenasycen\u00fdch tuk\u016f a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span>. D\u0159\u00edve se za p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu obezity a cukrovky pova\u017eoval vysok\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharid\u016f<\/span>, v\u00fdzkumy v\u0161ak potvrdily, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed roli hraje pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159\u00edjem potravin s rafinovan\u00fdmi <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharidy<\/span> \u2013 produkty z b\u00edl\u00e9 mouky (t\u011bstoviny, pe\u010divo, knedl\u00edky, sladkosti, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips224'>pufovan\u00e9<\/span> obilniny \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad i tzv. \u201esn\u00edda\u0148ov\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips226'>Cere\u00e1lie<\/span>\u201c jako jsou lup\u00ednky, cornflakes \u010di obiln\u00e9 kuli\u010dky!, d\u00e1le sladk\u00e9 n\u00e1poje a cukrovinky, loupan\u00e1 r\u00fd\u017ee, d\u017eemy, nadm\u011brn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed cukru a gluk\u00f3zo-frukt\u00f3zov\u00e9ho sirupu). Je pot\u0159eba nevyh\u00fdbat se sacharid\u016fm v j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku, ale vyb\u00edrat si ty spr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vyh\u00fdbejte se potravin\u00e1m s vysok\u00fdm pod\u00edlem rafinovan\u00fdch <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharid\u016f<\/span> a vysok\u00fdm GI:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>b\u00edl\u00e9, jemn\u00e9 a sladk\u00e9 pe\u010divo, su\u0161enky, oplatky, z\u00e1kusky, dorty apod.<\/li>\n<li>t\u011bstoviny, noky, knedl\u00edky a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobky z b\u00edl\u00e9 mouky<\/li>\n<li><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips224'>pufovan\u00e9<\/span> obilniny \u2013 cornflakes, burisony, k\u0159ehk\u00e9 chleby, popcorn, sn\u00edda\u0148ov\u00e9 lup\u00ednky a obiln\u00e9 kuli\u010dky, vysok\u00fd pod\u00edl pufovan\u00fdch obilnin maj\u00ed i n\u011bkter\u00e9 m\u00fcsli ty\u010dinky.<\/li>\n<li>potraviny s vysok\u00fdm obsahem cukru, gluk\u00f3zy, frukt\u00f3zy \u2013 sladkosti, slazen\u00e9 n\u00e1poje, med, obiln\u00e9 sirupy apod.<\/li>\n<li>d\u017eemy, marmel\u00e1dy, slazen\u00e9 kompoty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vyb\u00edrejte potraviny s n\u00edzk\u00fdm GI, bez rafinovan\u00fdch <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharid\u016f<\/span>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>v\u00fdrobky z celozrnn\u00e9 mouky \u2013 pe\u010divo s&nbsp;vysok\u00fdm pod\u00edlem celozrnn\u00e9 mouky, celozrnn\u00e9 t\u011bstoviny, hn\u011bd\u00e1 r\u00fd\u017ee \u010di r\u00fd\u017ee natural, \u2026)<\/li>\n<li>ovesn\u00e9 a jin\u00e9 obiln\u00e9 vlo\u010dky<\/li>\n<li>neloupan\u00e1 r\u00fd\u017ee, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips299'>j\u00e1hly<\/span>, pohanka, quinoa a v\u00fdrobky z nich<\/li>\n<li>lu\u0161t\u011bniny<\/li>\n<li>ovoce, zelenina<\/li>\n<li>semena, o\u0159echy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tipy nav\u00edc:<\/strong><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: right\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/ziviny_voda\/celozrnne%20spagety%20maly.jpg\" alt=\"celozrnne spagety maly\" width=\"106\" height=\"176\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Za\u010dn\u011bte den s celozrnn\u00fdmi obilninami \u2013 m\u00edsto slazen\u00fdch lup\u00ednk\u016f a kuli\u010dek si dejte celozrnn\u00e9 pe\u010divo nebo obiln\u00e9 vlo\u010dky s o\u0159echy a sem\u00ednky. Pokud u\u017e s\u00e1hnete po \u201esn\u00edda\u0148ov\u00fdch cere\u00e1li\u00edch\u201c, vyberte si takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed alespo\u0148 4 gramy <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> a ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 8 gram\u016f cukru ve 100g.<\/li>\n<li>Na sva\u010diny si vyb\u00edrejte celozrnn\u00e9 pe\u010divo (pe\u010divo z celozrnn\u00e9 mouky nebo s cel\u00fdmi nemlet\u00fdmi zrny a sem\u00ednky). Jak pozn\u00e1te, \u017ee je pe\u010divo opravdu celozrnn\u00e9? Celozrnn\u00e1 mouka je ve slo\u017een\u00ed uveden\u00e1 na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b. V\u00edce se do\u010dtete <a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/42\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00edsto ovocn\u00fdch a zeleninov\u00fdch \u0161\u0165\u00e1v a koncentrovan\u00fdch d\u017eus\u016f jezte cel\u00e9 ovoce a zeleninu.<\/li>\n<li>Jezte neloupanou r\u00fd\u017ei, lu\u0161t\u011bniny, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips299'>j\u00e1hly<\/span>, pohanku, quinou, bulgur jako p\u0159\u00edlohy, sou\u010d\u00e1st pol\u00e9vek, pomaz\u00e1nek, ka\u0161\u00ed nebo sal\u00e1t\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Nejezte p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto brambory, v\u00edce je st\u0159\u00eddejte s jin\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edlohami, p\u0159ednostn\u011b celozrnn\u00fdmi. Brambory va\u0159te jen do polom\u011bkka, jen velmi v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b jezte pe\u010den\u00e9 nebo fritovan\u00e9 brambory. Brambory obsahuj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u0161krobu a maj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00fd <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips114'>glykemick\u00fd index<\/span>. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce jsou tepeln\u011b zpracov\u00e1ny, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed GI maj\u00ed \u2013 nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00faprava je va\u0159en\u00ed do polom\u011bkka ve slupce, nejm\u00e9n\u011b vhodn\u00e9 je fritov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><em><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Carbohydrates: quality matters, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hsph.harvard.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">webov\u00fd port\u00e1l Harvard School of Public Health<\/a> [cit. 22.10.2013].<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Li\u0161kov\u00e1, M.: Zdrav\u00e1 v\u00fd\u017eiva d\u011bt\u00ed pro prevenci KVO, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fzv.cz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">port\u00e1l F\u00f3rum zdrav\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy<\/a>.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Low-carb diet: A guide for teens, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youngwomenshealth.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">webov\u00fd port\u00e1l D\u011btsk\u00e9 nemocnice v Bostonu<\/a>, [cit. 22.10.2013]<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Mozaffarian, D., Hao, T., Rimm, E.B., Willett, W.C., Hu, F.B.: Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men,&nbsp; N Engl J Med. 2011;364:2392-404.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Pi\u0165ha, J.; Urbanov\u00e1, Z.: Pro\u010d a jak nem\u00edt ob\u00e9zn\u00ed d\u011bti, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fzv.cz\/fzv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">port\u00e1l F\u00f3rum zdrav\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy<\/a>.<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fzv.cz\/fzv.\"><\/a><\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Proch\u00e1zka, B.: Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prevence ateroskler\u00f3zy u d\u011bt\u00ed, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fzv.cz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">port\u00e1l F\u00f3rum zdrav\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy<\/a>.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips114','Glykemick\u00fd index (GI) potraviny je schopnost sacharidov\u00e9 potraviny zv\u00fd\u0161it hladinu krevn\u00edho cukru. Hodnoty GI se zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u011b a nejsou k dispozici pro v\u0161echny potraviny. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce se hodnota glykemick\u00e9ho indexu bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed stovce, t\u00edm je potravina z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Potraviny s n\u00edzk\u00fdm glykemick\u00fdm indexem jsou v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 jako prevence civiliza\u010dn\u00edch chorob.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips146','Nasycen\u00e9 tuky v\u00fdznamn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srdce a c\u00e9v. Vyskytuj\u00ed se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch tuc\u00edch, kokosov\u00e9m a palmoj\u00e1drov\u00e9m tuku. Vysok\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad uzeniny, tu\u010dn\u00e1 masa a ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm obsahem tuku (mimo jin\u00e9 smetana, \u0161leha\u010dka, smetanov\u00e9 jogurty, plnotu\u010dn\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko atd.), majon\u00e9za, rychl\u00e9 ob\u010derstven\u00ed, sma\u017een\u00e9 a fritovan\u00e9 potraviny, sladkosti apod.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips198','Sachar\u00f3za je disacharid, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je slo\u017een\u00e1 ze dvou molekul jednoduch\u00fdch cukr\u016f. V\u00a0sachar\u00f3ze jsou to 1 molekula gluk\u00f3zy a 1 molekula frukt\u00f3zy. Sachar\u00f3za se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 hlavn\u011b z\u00a0cukrov\u00e9 \u0159epy a cukrov\u00e9 t\u0159tiny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips219','Vl\u00e1knina jsou sou\u010d\u00e1sti rostlinn\u00fdch potravin, kter\u00e9 na\u0161e t\u011blo nedok\u00e1\u017ee rozlo\u017eit. \u010c\u00e1st vl\u00e1kniny \u0159ad\u00edme mezi sacharidy, \u010d\u00e1st je tvo\u0159ena jin\u00fdmi chemick\u00fdmi slou\u010deninami. Vl\u00e1knina m\u00e1 \u0159adu prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed \u2013 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 formov\u00e1n\u00ed stolice a pravideln\u00e9mu vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00e1\u017ee na sebe vodu a n\u011bkter\u00e9 l\u00e1tky z\u00a0potravy, nap\u0159\u00edklad cholesterol.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips224','Pufovan\u00e9 pe\u010divo se tak\u00e9 ozna\u010duje jako extrudovan\u00e9. Vznik\u00e1 tak, \u017ee zrna obilnin (nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0161enice, r\u00fd\u017ee nebo kuku\u0159ice) jsou vystavena vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b, rychle ztrat\u00ed vlhkost a nabobtnaj\u00ed (podobn\u011b vznik\u00e1 t\u0159eba pop corn). Pufovan\u00e9 pe\u010divo je velmi lehk\u00e9 a k\u0159ehk\u00e9, k\u00a0dost\u00e1n\u00ed jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 ochucen\u00e9 i neochucen\u00e9 ty\u010dinky, \u201echlebov\u00e9\u201c pl\u00e1tky, su\u0161enky.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips226','Cere\u00e1lie jsou ve\u0161ker\u00e9 obilniny (obiloviny)\u00a0a v\u00fdrobky z nich.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips235','Sacharidy\u00a0 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd zdroj energie pro na\u0161e du\u0161evn\u00ed i fyzick\u00e9 aktivity. Jsou obsa\u017eeny nap\u0159\u00edklad v brambor\u00e1ch, r\u00fd\u017ei, t\u011bstovin\u00e1ch, pe\u010divu, ale tak\u00e9 ve sladk\u00fdch pokrmech, n\u00e1poj\u00edch apod.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips235','Sacharidy\u00a0 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd zdroj energie pro na\u0161e du\u0161evn\u00ed i fyzick\u00e9 aktivity. Jsou obsa\u017eeny nap\u0159\u00edklad v brambor\u00e1ch, r\u00fd\u017ei, t\u011bstovin\u00e1ch, pe\u010divu, ale tak\u00e9 ve sladk\u00fdch pokrmech, n\u00e1poj\u00edch apod.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips254','Gluk\u00f3za nebo tak\u00e9 hroznov\u00fd cukr je jednoduch\u00fd cukr, kter\u00fd se vyskytuje p\u0159irozen\u011b v\u00a0ovoci, ale i v\u00a0mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch potravin\u00e1ch.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips280','Enzymy jsou l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed a urychluj\u00ed chemick\u00e9 reakce.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips299','J\u00e1hly jsou drobn\u00e9 \u017elut\u00e9 kuli\u010dky, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed loup\u00e1n\u00edm prosa. Va\u0159en\u00e9 j\u00e1hly se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v \u0159ad\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch pokrm\u016f (nap\u0159. j\u00e1heln\u00edk).'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co jsou to rafinovan\u00e9 sacharidy a kter\u00e9 potraviny je obsahuj\u00ed, jak\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed rizika n\u00e1m p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed a jak si spr\u00e1vn\u011b vyb\u00edrat sacharidov\u00e9 potraviny.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nCo jsou rafinovan\u00e9 sacharidy<br \/>\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed popis a d\u011blen\u00ed sacharid\u016f ji\u017e zn\u00e1te. Pokud si chcete sv\u00e9 znalosti ob\u010derstvit, m\u016f\u017eete zde. Rafinovan\u00e9 sacharidy (nebo tak\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 sacharidy) jsou cukry a \u0161kroby, zbaven\u00e9 b\u011bhem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vl\u00e1kniny a dal\u0161\u00edch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch slo\u017eek \u2013 zrna obilnin se opakovan\u011b od\u00edraj\u00ed a zbavuj\u00ed slupky a spolu s n\u00ed i cenn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek pod slupkou, vznik\u00e1 tak b\u00edl\u00e1 mouka. Z cukrov\u00e9 \u0159epy, t\u0159tiny a dal\u0161\u00edch rostlin se lisuje, louhuje a odst\u0159e\u010fuje co nej\u010dist\u0161\u00ed sachar\u00f3za (disacharid obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed gluk\u00f3zu a frukt\u00f3zu) \u2013 vznik\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00fd cukr. Z kuku\u0159ice, brambor a dal\u0161\u00edch na \u0161krob bohat\u00fdch rostlin se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dist\u00fd \u0161krob, op\u011bt zbaven\u00fd vl\u00e1kniny, vitamin\u016f a miner\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 byly v rostlin\u011b obsa\u017eeny. Podobn\u00fdmi procesy \u2013 extrakc\u00ed z rostlin nebo \u0161t\u011bpen\u00edm \u0161krob\u016f pomoc\u00ed enzym\u016f se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 \u010dist\u00fd hroznov\u00fd a ovocn\u00fd cukr (gluk\u00f3za a frukt\u00f3za). Rafinovan\u00e9 sacharidy jsou tedy vysoce \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 \u0161kroby a cukry.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sacharidy-ve-vyiv"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=610"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1556,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/610\/revisions\/1556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}