{"id":629,"date":"2011-12-06T13:01:54","date_gmt":"2011-12-06T12:01:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2011\/12\/06\/164\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:57:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T12:57:15","slug":"164","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/164\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1kaza Clostridiem perfringens typu A"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">Jak n\u00e1m bakterie Clostridium perfringens m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ivodit onemocn\u011bn\u00ed z potravy a jak se p\u0159ed n\u00ed chr\u00e1nit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se m\u016f\u017eeme nakazit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bakterie mohou p\u0159ej\u00edt na potraviny, pokud tyto byly p\u0159\u00edmo v kontaktu s v\u00fdkaly (bakterie \u017eij\u00ed ve st\u0159evech zv\u00ed\u0159at a lid\u00ed) nebo se z\u00e1vadnou vodou \u010di prachem.<\/p>\n<p>Riziko p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hlavn\u011b tepeln\u011b upraven\u00e9 potraviny, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed spory (\u201esp\u00edc\u00ed forma bakteri\u00ed\u201c). Tyto spory p\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed i hodinov\u00fd var p\u0159i 100 \u00b0C, a pokud jsou pak tyto potraviny ponech\u00e1ny p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b, bakterie se v\u00a0nich rychle pomno\u017e\u00ed. V\u00a0tenk\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka pak \u017eiv\u00e9 bakterie tvo\u0159\u00ed toxin (jed), kter\u00fd vyvol\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.P\u0159i va\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch kus\u016f masa spory p\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed i dvouhodinov\u00fd var! \u2013 a b\u011bhem chladnut\u00ed p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b se v\u00a0mase pomno\u017e\u00ed, a pokud maso op\u011bt tepeln\u011b nezpracujeme a bakteri\u00ed je dostate\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det, snadno dojde k\u00a0n\u00e1kaze.<\/p>\n<p>Nejrizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je va\u0159en\u00e9 maso a masn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky (pa\u0161tiky, \u0161unky, sal\u00e1my, tla\u010denky apod.), du\u0161en\u00e9 a pe\u010den\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky a \u0161patn\u011b vyroben\u00e9 konzervy (i zeleninov\u00e9). N\u00e1kaza je mo\u017en\u00e1 tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm uzenin z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch st\u0159\u00edvek, kter\u00e9 jsou infikov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se m\u016f\u017eeme chr\u00e1nit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je potraviny d\u016fkladn\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovat a rychle sn\u00edst. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm maso je t\u0159eba rozporcovat na men\u0161\u00ed kusy a va\u0159it dostate\u010dn\u011b dlouho.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud nen\u00ed j\u00eddlo po uva\u0159en\u00ed ihned sn\u011bdeno, je nutn\u00e9 je co nejrychleji zchladit a neponech\u00e1vat p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b, aby nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0pomno\u017een\u00ed bakteri\u00ed. P\u0159ed pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konzumac\u00ed je mus\u00edme d\u016fkladn\u011b proh\u0159\u00e1t (74 \u00b0C).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Inkuba\u010dn\u00ed doba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed vznik\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 8\u201324 hodin pot\u00e9, co dojde k\u00a0n\u00e1kaze.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se nemoc projevuje?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci je kr\u00e1tk\u00fd a velmi prudk\u00fd. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed trv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 24 hodin a projevuje se siln\u00fdmi k\u0159e\u010demi v\u00a0b\u0159i\u0161e a vodnat\u00fdmi pr\u016fjmy bez hore\u010dky \u010di zvracen\u00ed. U star\u0161\u00edch osob a mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee prob\u00edhat d\u00e9le, cca 1\u20132 t\u00fddny. V z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt ke komplikac\u00edm zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch odvodn\u011bn\u00edm organizmu. N\u00e1kaza se nep\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 osoby na druhou.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se nemoc l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladem l\u00e9\u010dby je dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod tekutin, aby nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu odvodn\u011bn\u00ed organizmu (dehydrataci), ve v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se tekutiny pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed nitro\u017eiln\u011b. <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips210'>antibiotika<\/span> se nedoporu\u010duj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><span><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>CDC \u2013 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/foodborneburden\/clostridium-perfringens.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Clostridium perfringens<br \/><\/a>Komprda T. Hygiena potravin. Mendlova zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 a lesnick\u00e1 universita 1997, s. 78-79. <\/span><\/em><br \/><em><span>V\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdbor pro potraviny: Aliment\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed (infekce a otravy z potravin) SZU <\/span><\/em><br \/><em><span>Brno 2005.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips210','Antibiotika jsou l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch infekc\u00edch. P\u0159i jejich u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ov\u0161em nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed pouze k usmrcen\u00ed patogenn\u00edch bakteri\u00ed, ale i k redukci p\u0159irozen\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry, kter\u00e1 ve st\u0159ev\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a chr\u00e1n\u00ed tak st\u0159evo p\u0159ed p\u016fsoben\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00fdch mikroorganizm\u016f.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips210','Antibiotika jsou l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch infekc\u00edch. P\u0159i jejich u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ov\u0161em nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed pouze k usmrcen\u00ed patogenn\u00edch bakteri\u00ed, ale i k redukci p\u0159irozen\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry, kter\u00e1 ve st\u0159ev\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a chr\u00e1n\u00ed tak st\u0159evo p\u0159ed p\u016fsoben\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00fdch mikroorganizm\u016f.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips320','DNA je zkratka pro deoxyribonukleovou kyselinu, kter\u00e1 je nositelkou genetick\u00e9 informace v\u011bt\u0161iny organism\u016f a p\u0159edur\u010duje v\u00fdvoj a vlastnosti cel\u00e9ho organismu.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak n\u00e1m bakterie Clostridium perfringens m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ivodit onemocn\u011bn\u00ed z potravy a jak se p\u0159ed n\u00ed chr\u00e1nit.<br \/>\nJak se m\u016f\u017eeme nakazit?<br \/>\nBakterie mohou p\u0159ej\u00edt na potraviny, pokud tyto byly p\u0159\u00edmo v kontaktu s v\u00fdkaly (bakterie \u017eij\u00ed ve st\u0159evech zv\u00ed\u0159at a lid\u00ed) nebo se z\u00e1vadnou vodou \u010di prachem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-po-mikrobialni"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":958,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629\/revisions\/958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}