{"id":638,"date":"2010-11-20T10:42:34","date_gmt":"2010-11-20T09:42:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2010\/11\/20\/151\/"},"modified":"2025-02-07T15:11:34","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T14:11:34","slug":"151","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/151\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak se stravovat p\u0159i atopick\u00e9m ekz\u00e9mu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #3366ff\">O atopick&eacute;m ekz&eacute;mu a vlivu v&yacute;\u017eivy na n\u011bj.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>Co je atopick&yacute; ekz&eacute;m?<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/zajimavosti\/atopicky%20ekzem.jpg\" alt=\"atopicky ekzem\" width=\"200\" height=\"138\" style=\"float: right\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vrozen&eacute; z&aacute;n\u011btliv&eacute; ko\u017en&iacute; onemocn\u011bn&iacute;, kter&eacute; velice siln\u011b sv\u011bd&iacute;, \u010dasto trv&aacute; l&eacute;ta a vyskytuje se u cca 10 % populace.<\/li>\n<li>V akutn&iacute; f&aacute;zi se projevuje jako v&yacute;sev r\u016fzn\u011b velk&yacute;ch ploch drobn&yacute;ch \u010derven&yacute;ch pup&iacute;nk\u016f, kter&eacute; \u010dasem vysychaj&iacute;, na vrchu se tvo\u0159&iacute; \u017elut&aacute; krusta, m\u016f\u017ee doj&iacute;t k mokv&aacute;n&iacute;. Stav se zhor&scaron;uje &scaron;kr&aacute;b&aacute;n&iacute;m lo\u017eisek a p\u0159&iacute;padnou druhotnou bakteri&aacute;ln&iacute; infekc&iacute;. Nej\u010dast\u011bji ekz&eacute;m nalezneme v ko\u017en&iacute;ch z&aacute;hybech &ndash; loketn&iacute; jamky, podkolenn&iacute; jamky, na dlan&iacute;ch, zejm&eacute;na u d\u011bt&iacute; pak na tv&aacute;\u0159&iacute;ch, za u&scaron;ima, ve vlasech, m\u016f\u017ee se ale objevit kdekoli na t\u011ble. Po zhojen&iacute; akutn&iacute;ch projev\u016f ekz&eacute;mu z\u016fst&aacute;v&aacute; k\u016f\u017ee such&aacute;, nebo\u0165 je poru&scaron;ena ochrann&aacute; bari&eacute;ra v poko\u017ece, snadno se tvo\u0159&iacute; trhlinky (kter&eacute; nav&iacute;c mohou b&yacute;t druhotn\u011b infikov&aacute;ny), je&nbsp; sn&iacute;\u017eena tvorba potu a mazu.<\/li>\n<li>Podstatou vzniku atopick&eacute;ho ekz&eacute;mu je alergick&aacute; reakce t\u011bla, co\u017e je nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en&aacute; (p\u0159ehnan&aacute;) reakce organizmu proti l&aacute;tk&aacute;m, kter&eacute; se b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyskytuj&iacute; v na&scaron;em \u017eivotn&iacute;m prost\u0159ed&iacute; a ozna\u010dujeme je jako &bdquo;<span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergeny<\/span>&ldquo;. <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergeny<\/span> m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk nejen poz\u0159&iacute;t &uacute;sty (v&iacute;ce o potravinov&yacute;ch alergi&iacute;ch se dozv&iacute;te <a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/5\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>), ale m\u016f\u017ee je i vdechovat \u010di mohou p\u0159ij&iacute;t p\u0159&iacute;mo do kontaktu s poko\u017ekou, o\u010dn&iacute; spojivkou, nosn&iacute; sliznic&iacute; apod.<\/li>\n<li>Atopick&yacute; ekz&eacute;m b&yacute;v&aacute; d\u011bdi\u010dn\u011b podm&iacute;n\u011bn&yacute;, \u010dasto je spojen s v&yacute;skytem pr\u016fdu&scaron;kov&eacute;ho <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips306'>astmatu<\/span> \u010di senn&eacute; r&yacute;my (spr&aacute;vn\u011b pylov&eacute; alergie) a \u010dasto se zhor&scaron;uje na ja\u0159e a na podzim, ke zlep&scaron;en&iacute; doch&aacute;z&iacute; v l&eacute;t\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>Nejv\u011bt&scaron;&iacute; probl&eacute;my b&yacute;vaj&iacute; v prvn&iacute;m roce \u017eivota, pak doch&aacute;z&iacute; ke zlep&scaron;en&iacute;, cca 75 % nemocn&yacute;ch se uzdrav&iacute; b\u011bhem prvn&iacute;ch &scaron;koln&iacute;ch let, p\u0159&iacute;padn\u011b v pubert\u011b (naopak v pubert\u011b ale m\u016f\u017ee doj&iacute;t ke znovuobjeven&iacute; ekz&eacute;mu \u010di zhor&scaron;en&iacute; stavu), do 20 let v\u011bku ekz&eacute;m&nbsp; v\u011bt&scaron;inou zcela vymiz&iacute;, zhor&scaron;en&iacute; m\u016f\u017ee op\u011bt nastat b\u011bhem menstruace, t\u011bhotenstv&iacute; a po porodu v &scaron;estined\u011bl&iacute;, p\u0159i infek\u010dn&iacute;m onemocn\u011bn&iacute;, v obdob&iacute; zv&yacute;&scaron;en&eacute; stresov&eacute; z&aacute;t\u011b\u017ee (nap\u0159&iacute;klad p\u0159ed d\u016fle\u017eitou zkou&scaron;kou), v krajn&iacute;m p\u0159&iacute;pad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159etrv&aacute;vat po cel&yacute; \u017eivot.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak souvis&iacute; atopick&yacute; ekz&eacute;m s v&yacute;\u017eivou?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edev&scaron;&iacute;m u mal&yacute;ch d\u011bt&iacute; souvis&iacute; vznik atopick&eacute;ho ekz&eacute;mu velice \u010dasto s potravinovou alergi&iacute;. Vliv v&yacute;\u017eivy na stav ekz&eacute;mu je ov&scaron;em nepopirateln&yacute; i v pozd\u011bj&scaron;&iacute;m v\u011bku, a to mimo jin&eacute; i pro dr&aacute;\u017ediv&eacute; &uacute;\u010dinky n\u011bkter&yacute;ch potravin a pochutin. Sou\u010d&aacute;st&iacute; prevence i l&eacute;\u010dby atopick&eacute;ho ekz&eacute;mu je proto tzv. &bdquo;elimina\u010dn&iacute; dieta&ldquo;, \u010dili vynech&aacute;n&iacute; probl&eacute;mov&yacute;ch potravin z j&iacute;deln&iacute;\u010dku, a to pokud mo\u017eno striktn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak&eacute; potraviny mohou zhor&scaron;ovat projevy atopick&eacute;ho ekz&eacute;mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Zejm&eacute;na potraviny, na kter&eacute; je ekzematik (\u010dlov\u011bk trp&iacute;c&iacute; t&iacute;mto onemocn\u011bn&iacute;m) prokazateln\u011b alergick&yacute; (k pr\u016fkazu alergie se pou\u017e&iacute;vaj&iacute; hlavn\u011b krevn&iacute; a ko\u017en&iacute; testy). Krom\u011b toho mohou ke zhor&scaron;en&iacute; ekz&eacute;mu p\u0159isp&iacute;vat i potraviny s dr&aacute;\u017ediv&yacute;mi &uacute;\u010dinky, nap\u0159&iacute;klad kakao, \u010dokol&aacute;da, ko\u0159en&iacute;, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips283'>alkohol<\/span>, hodn\u011b kysel&eacute; potraviny a pochutiny: ocet, kysel&eacute; okurky, ne\u0159ed\u011bn&eacute; ovocn&eacute; d\u017eusy, ho\u0159\u010dice apod. Ka\u017ed&eacute;mu m\u016f\u017ee vadit n\u011bco jin&eacute;ho. Ekzematik proto mus&iacute; pozorn\u011b sledovat stav ekz&eacute;mu a d&aacute;vat ho do souvislosti s konzumovan&yacute;mi potravinami. Je dobr&eacute; v&eacute;st si potravinov&yacute; den&iacute;k, kde si ekzematik ka\u017ed&yacute; den uvede, co a kdy sn\u011bdl, jak&yacute; je stav ekz&eacute;mu a dal&scaron;&iacute; d\u016fle\u017eit&eacute; &uacute;daje. N\u011bkdy je velmi t\u011b\u017ek&eacute; vyp&aacute;trat, kter&aacute; potravina ekzematikovi vad&iacute;, proto\u017ee ke zhor&scaron;en&iacute; projev\u016f ekz&eacute;mu m\u016f\u017ee doj&iacute;t \u0159&aacute;dov\u011b v hodin&aacute;ch \u010di dnech po jej&iacute; konzumaci, v krajn&iacute;m p\u0159&iacute;pad\u011b se v&scaron;ak m\u016f\u017ee jednat i o t&yacute;dny \u010di dokonce a\u017e m\u011bs&iacute;ce. Vysledov&aacute;n&iacute; takov&eacute; potraviny je pak srovnateln&eacute; s pov\u011bstn&yacute;m hled&aacute;n&iacute;m jehly v kupce sena.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak&eacute; jsou z&aacute;sady stravov&aacute;n&iacute; p\u0159i atopick&eacute;m ekz&eacute;mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vynechat ze stravy potraviny, na n\u011b\u017e byla konkr&eacute;tn&iacute;mu \u010dlov\u011bku prok&aacute;z&aacute;na alergie;<\/li>\n<li>vynechat ze stravy dr&aacute;\u017ediv&eacute; potraviny;<\/li>\n<li>nov&eacute; potraviny pod&aacute;vat z po\u010d&aacute;tku sp&iacute;&scaron;e tepeln\u011b upraven&eacute;, nebo\u0165 n\u011bkter&eacute; potravinov&eacute; <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergeny<\/span> se ni\u010d&iacute; teplem;<\/li>\n<li>sna\u017eit se o vyv&aacute;\u017een&yacute; j&iacute;deln&iacute;\u010dek, volit vhodn&eacute; n&aacute;hrady za vy\u0159azen&eacute; potraviny;<\/li>\n<li>v&eacute;st potravinov&yacute; den&iacute;k;<\/li>\n<li>po\u0159&aacute;dn\u011b studovat etikety kupovan&yacute;ch potravin;<\/li>\n<li>nekonzumovat pokrmy nezn&aacute;m&eacute;ho p\u016fvodu a slo\u017een&iacute;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u011bkter&eacute; potraviny, kter&eacute; mohou zhor&scaron;ovat projevy atopick&eacute;ho ekz&eacute;mu:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(vzhledem k jejich schopnosti vyvol&aacute;vat alergick&eacute; reakce jsou tu\u010dn\u011b zv&yacute;razn\u011bny siln\u011b alergizuj&iacute;c&iacute; potraviny)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ovoce: citrusov&eacute; plody v&scaron;ech druh\u016f, <strong>kiwi<\/strong>, <strong>ananas<\/strong>, mango, broskve, f&iacute;ky, ryb&iacute;z, maliny, jahody, angre&scaron;t, ostru\u017einy<\/li>\n<li>Zelenina: raj\u010data, kysel&eacute; zel&iacute;, <strong>celer<\/strong>, petr\u017eel, paprika, \u0159edkev, \u0159edkvi\u010dky, k\u0159en<\/li>\n<li>Lu&scaron;t\u011bniny &ndash; <strong>s&oacute;ja<\/strong>, fazole, hr&aacute;ch, \u010do\u010dka<\/li>\n<li>O\u0159echy a semena: <strong>o\u0159echy v&scaron;ech druh\u016f<\/strong>, <strong>hlavn\u011b ara&scaron;&iacute;dy<\/strong>, mandle, pist&aacute;cie, olejov&eacute; plody, slune\u010dnicov&aacute; sem&iacute;nka, piniov&eacute; o\u0159echy, d&yacute;\u0148ov&aacute; sem&iacute;nka, sezam<\/li>\n<li>Sladidla: cukr, hn\u011bd&yacute; cukr, sladkosti, <strong>med<\/strong>, javorov&yacute; sirup<\/li>\n<li>Ko\u0159en&iacute;: \u0159e\u0159icha, bazalka, exotick&eacute; ko\u0159en&iacute; &ndash; vanilka, sko\u0159ice, kari (curry), mu&scaron;k&aacute;tov&yacute; o\u0159&iacute;&scaron;ek atd. (<strong>ko\u0159en&iacute; se pova\u017euje za rizikov&eacute; v podstat\u011b v&scaron;echno<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<li>Vejce, ml&eacute;ko a ml&eacute;\u010dn&eacute; v&yacute;robky v&scaron;ech druh\u016f (pozor na slo\u017een&iacute; hotov&yacute;ch potravin a polotovar\u016f &ndash; mohou obsahovat vejce a ml&eacute;ko, alergie na vejce a ml&eacute;ko pat\u0159&iacute; k t\u011bm nej\u010dast\u011bj&scaron;&iacute;m hlavn\u011b v d\u011btsk&eacute;m v\u011bku)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ryby, m\u011bkk&yacute;&scaron;i, kor&yacute;&scaron;i<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Vep\u0159ov&eacute; maso<\/li>\n<li>Obiloviny s obsahem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips307'>lepku<\/span>: p&scaron;enice, \u017eito, je\u010dmen<\/li>\n<li>N\u011bkter&eacute; p\u0159&iacute;datn&eacute; l&aacute;tky v potravin&aacute;ch: barviva, aromata, ochucovadla, stabiliz&aacute;tory a jin&eacute; (n\u011bkter&eacute; p\u0159&iacute;datn&eacute; l&aacute;tky se vyr&aacute;b\u011bj&iacute; ze s&oacute;ji, vajec, ml&eacute;ka a dal&scaron;&iacute;ch alergen\u016f, jin&eacute; mohou na ekz&eacute;m p\u016fsobit dr&aacute;\u017ediv\u011b)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pozor!!!<\/strong> Neznamen&aacute; to, \u017ee konzumace v seznamu uveden&yacute;ch potravin bude zhor&scaron;ovat atopick&yacute; ekz&eacute;m ka\u017ed&eacute;ho ekzematika. P\u0159i konzumaci t\u011bchto potravin by m\u011bl b&yacute;t ekzematik pouze v&iacute;ce&nbsp; opatrn&yacute;. Naproti tomu m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkomu vadit i potravina v seznamu neuveden&aacute; a obecn\u011b pova\u017eovan&aacute; za relativn\u011b bezpe\u010dnou z hlediska jej&iacute; schopnosti vyvolat alergickou reakci.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span><em><strong>Pou\u017eit&aacute; literatura:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><em>\u010capkov&aacute;, &Scaron;., &Scaron;pi\u010d&aacute;k, V., Vosm&iacute;k, F., Atopick&yacute; ekz&eacute;m, Gal&eacute;n, 2005.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Fuchs, M., Alergie \u010d&iacute;h&aacute; v j&iacute;dle a pit&iacute;. 2. roz&scaron;&iacute;\u0159en&eacute; p\u0159epracovan&eacute; vyd&aacute;n&iacute;, Nakladatelstv&iacute; Ad&eacute;la, 2007.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips275','Alergen je sou\u010d\u00e1st b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u00ed obrannou reakci v t\u011ble alergika. Jako alergen p\u016fsob\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, negativn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed jen na jedince, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed naru\u0161enou imunitu ve smyslu p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 citlivosti. Alergen\u016f je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergiky p\u016fsob\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergeny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips275','Alergen je sou\u010d\u00e1st b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u00ed obrannou reakci v t\u011ble alergika. Jako alergen p\u016fsob\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, negativn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed jen na jedince, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed naru\u0161enou imunitu ve smyslu p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 citlivosti. Alergen\u016f je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergiky p\u016fsob\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergeny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips283','Chemick\u00fd n\u00e1zev je ethanol \u010di ethylalkohol. Lidov\u011b je to tot\u00e9\u017e co l\u00edh.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips306','Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k otoku sliznic pr\u016fdu\u0161ek a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 sekreci hlenu v pr\u016fdu\u0161k\u00e1ch s n\u00e1sledkem akutn\u00ed dechov\u00e9 nedostate\u010dnosti.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips306','Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k otoku sliznic pr\u016fdu\u0161ek a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 sekreci hlenu v pr\u016fdu\u0161k\u00e1ch s n\u00e1sledkem akutn\u00ed dechov\u00e9 nedostate\u010dnosti.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips307','<p><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips308'>Lepek<\/span>&nbsp;je b&iacute;lkovina, kter&aacute; se nach&aacute;z&iacute; v p&scaron;enici, \u017eit\u011b, je\u010dmeni a&nbsp;ovsu. <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips308'>Lepek<\/span> v ovsu m&aacute; v&scaron;ak trochu odli&scaron;nou skladbu b&iacute;lkoviny a n\u011bkte\u0159&iacute; celiaci jej toleruj&iacute;.<\/p>'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips318','Caro je instantn\u00ed k\u00e1vovinov\u00e1 sm\u011bs. Obsahuje: b\u00edlkoviny 5,3g, sacharidy 82,6g , tuky 0,3g. jej\u00ed energetick\u00e1 hodnota je 1500 kJ\/100g v such\u00e9m stavu.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips320','DNA je zkratka pro deoxyribonukleovou kyselinu, kter\u00e1 je nositelkou genetick\u00e9 informace v\u011bt\u0161iny organism\u016f a p\u0159edur\u010duje v\u00fdvoj a vlastnosti cel\u00e9ho organismu.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O atopick&eacute;m ekz&eacute;mu a vlivu v&yacute;\u017eivy na n\u011bj.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jidlo-a-zajimavosti-jidlo-a-zajimavosti"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=638"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1569,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/638\/revisions\/1569"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=638"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}