{"id":642,"date":"2010-10-26T19:29:41","date_gmt":"2010-10-26T17:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2010\/10\/26\/158\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T12:57:14","slug":"158","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/158\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet n\u00e1kaz\u00e1m z potravy na d\u011btsk\u00fdch t\u00e1borech"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">O tom, jak na letn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e nejl\u00e9pe p\u0159edch\u00e1zet n\u00e1kaz\u00e1m z j\u00eddla a o z\u00e1kladn\u00edch hygienick\u00fdch z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch pro mal\u00e9 t\u00e1born\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: left\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/pohyb\/prevence%20tabory.jpg\" alt=\"prevence tabory\" width=\"83\" height=\"110\" \/>D\u011btsk\u00fd t\u00e1bor pochopiteln\u011b nem\u00e1 a nem\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt z\u00e1zem\u00ed a vybaven\u00ed p\u011btihv\u011bzdi\u010dkov\u00e9ho hotelu. Jako prostor pro stravov\u00e1n\u00ed mnohdy slou\u017e\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ek, z\u00e1chody b\u00fdvaj\u00ed such\u00e9, um\u00fdv\u00e1rny tvo\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00fdtokov\u00fdm kohoutem a myc\u00edm korytem, tepl\u00e1 voda k osprchov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dostupn\u00e1 jednou t\u00fddn\u011b\u2026.<\/p>\n<p>O\u010d prost\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak jsou prostorov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a technick\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, o to v\u00edce je t\u0159eba db\u00e1t na d\u016fsledn\u00e9 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed provozn\u00ed a osobn\u00ed hygieny, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm za \u00fa\u010delem zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed vzniku a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed aliment\u00e1rn\u00edch n\u00e1kaz (nap\u0159. akutn\u00edch pr\u016fjmov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed), kter\u00e9 by v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch letn\u00edho d\u011btsk\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora mohlo b\u00fdt dosti rychl\u00e9.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>K prevenci t\u011bchto n\u00e1kaz sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed tak\u00e9 pom\u011brn\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy, kter\u00e9 stanovuj\u00ed hlavn\u00ed povinnosti po\u0159adatel\u016f, po\u017eadavky na z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed vodou, prostorov\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e1bora v\u010detn\u011b stravovac\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, d\u00e1le upravuj\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro \u00fa\u010dast jak d\u011bt\u00ed, tak dosp\u011bl\u00fdch a dokonce v\u00fdslovn\u011b zakazuj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch potravin. V\u0161echny po\u017eadavky se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed organizovan\u00fdch pobyt\u016f pro 30 a v\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed do 15 let v\u011bku na dobu del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5 dn\u016f. Pro t\u00e1bory krat\u0161\u00ed \u010di s men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem d\u011bt\u00ed do 15 let (tzv. jin\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 akce pro d\u011bti) plat\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edpisy tak\u00e9 rozli\u0161uj\u00ed zotavovac\u00ed akce ve stavb\u00e1ch a ve stanech. Ve stavb\u00e1ch (nap\u0159. r\u016fzn\u00fdch rekrea\u010dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, zotavovn\u00e1ch, penzionech apod.) b\u00fdv\u00e1 stravovac\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st, na jej\u00ed\u017e vybaven\u00ed a provoz se vztahuj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed normy (evropsk\u00e9 a vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed) jako na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 restaurace. <br \/>Ve stanov\u00fdch t\u00e1borech tvo\u0159\u00ed prostory pro stravov\u00e1n\u00ed stan nebo p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ek, v n\u011bm\u017e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed kuchyn\u011b, j\u00eddelna, um\u00fdv\u00e1rna n\u00e1dob\u00ed a sklad potravin. V kuchyni maj\u00ed b\u00fdt odd\u011blen\u00e9 a ozna\u010den\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed plochy pro manipulaci s tepeln\u011b neopracovan\u00fdmi potravinami (masem, dr\u016fbe\u017e\u00ed, vaj\u00ed\u010dky) a hotov\u00fdmi pokrmy, aby nedo\u0161lo k tzv. <strong>k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 kontaminaci<\/strong>. O co jde? <em>Syrov\u00e9 maso nebo vejce mohou obsahovat ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed mikroorganismy, kter\u00e9 se tepelnou \u00fapravou zni\u010d\u00ed. Nesm\u00ed v\u0161ak nikdy doj\u00edt k p\u0159enosu t\u011bchto mikroorganism\u016f z je\u0161t\u011b syrov\u00e9ho masa nebo vajec do hotov\u00fdch pokrm\u016f, hrozilo by jejich rychl\u00e9 pomno\u017een\u00ed a propuknut\u00ed (pr\u016fjmov\u00e9ho) onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u str\u00e1vn\u00edk\u016f. K nazna\u010den\u00e9mu p\u0159enosu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch ploch (nap\u0159. pokud bychom na t\u00e9m\u017ee prk\u00e9nku kr\u00e1jeli syrov\u00e9 maso a n\u00e1sledn\u011b uva\u0159en\u00e9 knedl\u00edky), no\u017e\u016f a jin\u00e9ho kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 rukou kucha\u0159e. V\u017edy je proto t\u0159eba a)\u00a0 zabr\u00e1nit, aby syrov\u00e9 maso <i>(nebo \u0161\u0165\u00e1va z\u00a0n\u011bj odkap\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0lednici na pokrmy ulo\u017een\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee) <\/i>a vejce p\u0159i\u0161ly do p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho kontaktu s potravinami, kter\u00e9 se budou rovnou j\u00edst, b) ve\u0161ker\u00e9 n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161lo do styku se syrov\u00fdm masem a vejci d\u016fkladn\u011b um\u00fdt, c) po manipulaci se syrov\u00fdm masem a vejci si pe\u010dliv\u011b um\u00fdt ruce. Tyto z\u00e1sady bychom m\u011bli dodr\u017eovat i v dom\u00e1cnosti, p\u0159i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed stravovac\u00edch slu\u017eeb a na d\u011btsk\u00fdch t\u00e1borech je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 na n\u011b db\u00e1t dvojn\u00e1sob.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Potraviny se musej\u00ed skladovat v souladu s po\u017eadavky v\u00fdrobce (dle typu potraviny \u2013 v suchu, chladu, v mraz\u00e1ku), nesm\u011bj\u00ed b\u00fdt ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1ny vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi vlivy (slunce, d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, hmyz, hlodavci) a nesm\u011bj\u00ed se ani nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat navz\u00e1jem (mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed kontaminace, pachy). Skladov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin v praxi \u010dasto na t\u00e1borech b\u00fdv\u00e1 velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. P\u0159i nemo\u017enosti\u00a0 zajistit spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 skladov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch potravin (nen\u00ed zavedena elekt\u0159ina, chyb\u00ed lednice) nezb\u00fdv\u00e1, ne\u017e kuchyni z\u00e1sobovat pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b a dan\u00e9 potraviny bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po zakoupen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt pro p\u0159\u00edpravu tepl\u00fdch pokrm\u016f (nap\u0159. maso) nebo vydat ke konzumaci (nap\u0159. ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky).<\/p>\n<p>Na t\u00e1bo\u0159e (a to plat\u00ed nejen u t\u00e1bor\u016f stanov\u00fdch) je v\u00fdslovn\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1no pod\u00e1vat pokrmy z tepeln\u011b neopracovan\u00e9ho nebo nedostate\u010dn\u011b tepeln\u011b opracovan\u00e9ho masa (to se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i n\u011bkter\u00fdch masn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f nebo ryb), ml\u00e9k\u00e1rensky neo\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka a ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, majon\u00e9zu vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdroby, zmrzlinu vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdroby nebo porcovanou ze skupinov\u00e9ho balen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pitn\u00e1 voda mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zaji\u0161t\u011bna v\u017edy k pit\u00ed, \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zub\u016f, p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b pokrm\u016f a n\u00e1poj\u016f, um\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dob\u00ed a \u00faklidu pracovn\u00edch ploch v \u201ekuchyni\u201c, d\u00e1le pro pot\u0159eby o\u0161et\u0159ovny a izolace. Doporu\u010duje se pou\u017e\u00edvat vodu z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho vodovodu nebo ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 studny, jinak mus\u00ed po\u0159adatel dolo\u017eit jej\u00ed rozbor. Pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 denn\u00ed myt\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt vodu z vodote\u010de (nap\u0159. z potoka), pokud spl\u0148uje alespo\u0148 po\u017eadavky na vodu ke koup\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro myt\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed se z\u0159izuje um\u00fdv\u00e1rna, mo\u017enost umyt\u00ed rukou v tekouc\u00ed vod\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 v bl\u00edzkosti z\u00e1chodu. Alespo\u0148 1x t\u00fddn\u011b maj\u00ed m\u00edt d\u011bti mo\u017enost osprchov\u00e1n\u00ed v tepl\u00e9 vod\u011b. Na t\u00e1bo\u0159e mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 dostate\u010dn\u00e1 kapacita z\u00e1chod\u016f, odd\u011blen\u00fdch pro d\u00edvky a chlapce. Such\u00fd z\u00e1chod je nutn\u00e9 denn\u011b zasyp\u00e1vat zeminou nebo jin\u00fdm vhodn\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem; p\u0159ed opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159i\u0161t\u011b se such\u00e9 z\u00e1chody zasypou a ozna\u010d\u00ed. I na stanov\u00e9m t\u00e1bo\u0159e m\u00e1 b\u00fdt k dispozici o\u0161et\u0159ovna a izolace (ve vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fdch stanech), \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed je vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fd z\u00e1chod pro pot\u0159eby d\u011bt\u00ed na izolaci.<\/p>\n<p>Pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed stravu, mus\u00ed m\u00edt zdravotn\u00ed pr\u016fkaz a pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 znalosti o hygien\u011b. D\u011bti se mohou \u00fa\u010dastnit cel\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy stravy jen u men\u0161\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f (do 50 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f), na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch t\u00e1borech sm\u011bj\u00ed vykon\u00e1vat jen p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce p\u0159ed tepeln\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm pokrm\u016f. Jejich zapojen\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edpravy stravy v\u0161ak v\u017edy mus\u00ed povolit p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd zdravotn\u00edk.<\/p>\n<p>\u00da\u010dastnit se t\u00e1bora mohou jen d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed potvrzen\u00ed od l\u00e9ka\u0159e, \u017ee jsou zdravotn\u011b zp\u016fsobil\u00e9 a maj\u00ed v po\u0159\u00e1dku povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem na t\u00e1bor pak rodi\u010de mus\u00ed podepsat tzv. potvrzen\u00ed o bezinfek\u010dnosti, tzn. \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b v posledn\u00edch 14 dnech neprod\u011blalo infek\u010dn\u00ed pr\u016fjmov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ani nep\u0159i\u0161lo do styku s nik\u00fdm, kdo takov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u011bl.<\/p>\n<p>Zat\u00edm jsme si v\u0161\u00edmali sp\u00ed\u0161e povinnost\u00ed po\u0159adatel\u016f d\u011btsk\u00fdch t\u00e1bor\u016f. Dodr\u017eovat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hygienick\u00e1 pravidla by v\u0161ak ve vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jmu m\u011bl ka\u017ed\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk d\u011btsk\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u011bkolik hygienick\u00fdch z\u00e1sad pro mal\u00e9 t\u00e1born\u00edky:<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: right\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/hrozby\/detske%20tabory.jpg\" alt=\"detske tabory\" width=\"200\" height=\"147\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>m\u00fdt si ruce v\u017edy po pou\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1chodu a p\u0159ed j\u00eddlem<\/li>\n<li>nep\u00edt vodu z nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho zdroje (stud\u00e1nky, pot\u016f\u010dku)<\/li>\n<li>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pr\u016fjmu, zvracen\u00ed, bolest\u00ed b\u0159icha, teploty \u010di jin\u00fdch obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ihned informovat vedouc\u00edho nebo zdravotn\u00edka<\/li>\n<li>udr\u017eovat v \u010distot\u011b j\u00eddeln\u00ed n\u00e1dob\u00ed, nepou\u017e\u00edvat ho k jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm<\/li>\n<li>dovezen\u00e9 potraviny od rodi\u010d\u016f ihned zkonzumovat (pokud nejde o trvanliv\u00e9 potraviny)<\/li>\n<li>nej\u00edst potraviny, kter\u00e9 vykazuj\u00ed zn\u00e1mky ka\u017een\u00ed (z\u00e1pach, zm\u011bna barvy, zkva\u0161en\u00ed, pl\u00edse\u0148)<\/li>\n<li>maso a vejce j\u00edst pouze po d\u016fkladn\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b<\/li>\n<li>p\u0159i pom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edpravou stravy udr\u017eovat \u010distotu a po\u0159\u00e1dek, p\u0159ed manipulac\u00ed s potravinami i v pr\u016fb\u011bhu p\u0159\u00edpravy j\u00eddla si m\u00fdt ruce<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je platn\u00e1 novela 422\/2013 Sb., kter\u00e1 m\u011bn\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ku MZ \u010cR 106 \/ 2001 Sb. o hygienick\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na zotavovac\u00ed akce pro d\u011bti, ve zn\u011bn\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span><em><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><em>Vyhl. MZ \u010cR 106 \/ 2001 Sb. o hygienick\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na zotavovac\u00ed akce pro d\u011bti, ve zn\u011bn\u00ed vyhl. 148 \/ 2004 Sb.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Mu\u017e\u00edk, V. (ed.): V\u00fd\u017eiva a pohyb jako sou\u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdchovy ke zdrav\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole. Brno: Paido, 2007, 150 s.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O tom, jak na letn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e nejl\u00e9pe p\u0159edch\u00e1zet n\u00e1kaz\u00e1m z j\u00eddla a o z\u00e1kladn\u00edch hygienick\u00fdch z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch pro mal\u00e9 t\u00e1born\u00edky.<br \/>\nD\u011btsk\u00fd t\u00e1bor pochopiteln\u011b nem\u00e1 a nem\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt z\u00e1zem\u00ed a vybaven\u00ed p\u011btihv\u011bzdi\u010dkov\u00e9ho hotelu. Jako prostor pro stravov\u00e1n\u00ed mnohdy slou\u017e\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ek, z\u00e1chody b\u00fdvaj\u00ed such\u00e9, um\u00fdv\u00e1rny tvo\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00fdtokov\u00fdm kohoutem a myc\u00edm korytem, tepl\u00e1 voda k osprchov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dostupn\u00e1 jednou t\u00fddn\u011b\u2026.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prevence-na-dtskych-taborech"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=642"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/642\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":945,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/642\/revisions\/945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}