{"id":652,"date":"2010-10-06T21:01:16","date_gmt":"2010-10-06T19:01:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2010\/10\/06\/146\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T12:57:14","slug":"146","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/146\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d se n\u011bkdy kosti l\u00e1mou?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">O <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3ze<\/span>, jak se p\u0159ed n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme chr\u00e1nit a jak\u00e1 je jej\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba. <\/span><\/p>\n<div>\u00a0<strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: left\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/pohyb\/osteoporoza.jpg\" alt=\"osteoporoza\" width=\"122\" height=\"82\" \/><\/strong><\/div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #3366ff\"><\/span>Co je <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3za<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3za<\/span> je pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dast\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed charakteristick\u00e9 pro star\u0161\u00ed osoby. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i n\u011bm k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edku z kost\u00ed a \u0159\u00eddnut\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span>. Kosti jsou p\u0159i <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3ze<\/span> k\u0159ehk\u00e9 a velice snadno se l\u00e1mou. U \u017een se nemoc objevuje u\u017e kolem 50. roku v\u011bku, u mu\u017e\u016f v\u011bt\u0161inou pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3za<\/span> projevuje?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3za<\/span> nastupuje pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u011b, v prvn\u00edch letech se nemus\u00ed nijak projevovat nebo jsou projevy neur\u010dit\u00e9, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad bolesti zad. D\u00e1le doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed postavy a ke vzniku kulat\u00fdch zad. Nemoc je \u010dasto rozpoznan\u00e1 pozd\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e dojde ke zlomenin\u011b. Charakteristick\u00e9 je, \u017ee ke zlomenin\u00e1m doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i minim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei, t\u0159eba p\u0159i prud\u0161\u00edm dosednut\u00ed na \u017eidli. Typickou zlomeninou p\u0159i <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3ze<\/span> je zlomenina kr\u010dku stehenn\u00ed kosti, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zejm\u00e9na u star\u0161\u00edch osob p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed nebo dokonce \u00famrt\u00ed, nebo\u0165 n\u00e1sleduje dlouhodob\u00e9 upout\u00e1n\u00ed nemocn\u00e9ho na l\u016f\u017eko a nepohybliv\u00fd pacient je pak n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ke vzniku r\u016fzn\u00fdch infekc\u00ed &#8211; k z\u00e1palu plic \u010di prole\u017eenin\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3za<\/span> vznik\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vznik <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3zy<\/span> \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edjmem v\u00e1pn\u00edku a mno\u017estv\u00edm <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> nabyt\u00e9 v ml\u00e1d\u00ed. Maximum <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> se vytvo\u0159\u00ed do v\u011bku asi 35 let a je d\u00e1no d\u011bdi\u010dn\u011b. \u017deny maj\u00ed asi o 1\/3 m\u00e9n\u011b <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> ne\u017e mu\u017ei. Lid\u00e9 s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hmotnost\u00ed maj\u00ed v\u00edce <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> ne\u017e lid\u00e9 drobn\u00ed a \u0161t\u00edhl\u00ed, nebo\u0165 kostru v\u00edce zat\u011b\u017euj\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 p\u0159i sportu a p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei kostra bytn\u00ed, naopak p\u0159i sedav\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota kostn\u00ed hmota ub\u00fdv\u00e1. Po 35. roce \u017eivota se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> sni\u017eovat, u \u017een se tento stav prohlubuje v obdob\u00ed menopauzy, nebo\u0165 vznik <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3zy<\/span> \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s \u00fabytkem tvorby hormonu estrogenu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou rizikov\u00e9 faktory pro vznik <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3zy<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u017eensk\u00e9 pohlav\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>b\u00edl\u00e1 rasa<\/li>\n<li><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3za<\/span> u rodi\u010d\u016f \u010di sourozenc\u016f (mno\u017estv\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> je geneticky dan\u00e9)<\/li>\n<li>n\u00edzk\u00e1 \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e1 postava s <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips322'>BMI<\/span> men\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e 19 kg\/m2<\/li>\n<li>dlouhodob\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod v\u00e1pn\u00edku ve strav\u011b<\/li>\n<li>nedostatek vitaminu D<\/li>\n<li>nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 aktivita a sedav\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota<\/li>\n<li>u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f, nap\u0159. <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips265'>hormon\u016f<\/span> k\u016fry nadledvin (kortikosteroid\u016f)<\/li>\n<li>n\u011bkter\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, nap\u0159. n\u011bkter\u00e9 nemoci \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy, nemoci st\u0159ev<\/li>\n<li>kou\u0159en\u00ed a alkoholismus zdvojn\u00e1sobuj\u00ed riziko vzniku <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3zy<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ed vznikem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips172'>osteopor\u00f3zy<\/span> chr\u00e1nit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm, \u017ee v d\u011btstv\u00ed, b\u011bhem dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a \u010dasn\u00e9 dosp\u011blosti nabudeme co nejv\u00edce <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span> a b\u011bhem dal\u0161\u00edho \u017eivota se budeme sna\u017eit toto mno\u017estv\u00ed v co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e zachovat. Toho lze dos\u00e1hnout:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dostate\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edvodem v\u00e1pn\u00edku v potrav\u011b po cel\u00fd \u017eivot (doporu\u010den\u00e9 denn\u00ed d\u00e1vky se v r\u016fzn\u00fdch st\u00e1tech li\u0161\u00ed, nap\u0159. evropsk\u00e9 doporu\u010duj\u00ed pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 osoby 700 mg v\u00e1pn\u00edku na den, pro koj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eeny 1200 mg)<\/li>\n<li>dostate\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edvodem vitaminu D\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>vhodnou fyzickou aktivitou \u2013 p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed zpomal\u00ed \u00fabytek <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span><\/li>\n<li>l\u00e9\u010dbou nemoc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohly v\u00e9st k \u00fabytku <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips161'>kostn\u00ed hmoty<\/span><\/li>\n<li>omezen\u00edm nevhodn\u00fdch n\u00e1vyk\u016f, jako jsou kou\u0159en\u00ed a pit\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips283'>alkoholu<\/span><\/li>\n<li>hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou u \u017een v <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips228'>menopauze<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lze ji\u017e vzniklou osteopor\u00f3zu l\u00e9\u010dit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ano, sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby je dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod v\u00e1pn\u00edku, vitaminu D a fluorid\u016f, p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd pohyb a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9ky, nap\u0159. u \u017een v <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips228'>menopauze<\/span> jsou pod\u00e1v\u00e1ny \u017eensk\u00e9 pohlavn\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips265'>hormony<\/span>. L\u00e9\u010dba je ale dlouhodob\u00e1, trv\u00e1 minim\u00e1ln\u011b 3 \u2013 5 let.<\/p>\n<p><span><em><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><em>Provazn\u00edk, K. a kol., Manu\u00e1l prevence v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praxi, I., Prevence poruch a nemoc\u00ed, SZ\u00da Praha, 1998,\u00a0 s. 45 &#8211; 51<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips161','Kost je pojivov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148 slo\u017een\u00e1 z kolagenn\u00ed v\u00fdpln\u011b a miner\u00e1ln\u00edch sol\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ji zpev\u0148uj\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky obsa\u017een\u00e9 v kostech jsou v\u00e1pn\u00edk a fosfor, v\u00e1pn\u00edku je v kostech uschov\u00e1no asi 1200 g.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips172','Osteopor\u00f3za je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00fabytku kostn\u00ed hmoty a zvy\u0161uje se riziko zlomenin. Zlomeniny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 osteopor\u00f3zou hroz\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 3.\u017een\u011b a 6.mu\u017ei v \u010cR.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips172','Osteopor\u00f3za je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00fabytku kostn\u00ed hmoty a zvy\u0161uje se riziko zlomenin. Zlomeniny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 osteopor\u00f3zou hroz\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 3.\u017een\u011b a 6.mu\u017ei v \u010cR.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips172','Osteopor\u00f3za je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00fabytku kostn\u00ed hmoty a zvy\u0161uje se riziko zlomenin. Zlomeniny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 osteopor\u00f3zou hroz\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 3.\u017een\u011b a 6.mu\u017ei v \u010cR.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips228','Menopauza je obdob\u00ed po skon\u010den\u00ed hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity vaje\u010dn\u00edk\u016f. Nastupuje obvykle mezi 45.-55. rokem \u017eivota \u017eeny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips265','Hormony jsou l\u00e1tky nepostradateln\u00e9 pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci na\u0161ich org\u00e1n\u016f i cel\u00e9ho organismu. Jsou produkov\u00e1ny \u017el\u00e1zami s\u00a0vnit\u0159n\u00ed sekrec\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad slinivkou b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed a \u0161t\u00edtnou \u017el\u00e1zou.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips283','Chemick\u00fd n\u00e1zev je ethanol \u010di ethylalkohol. Lidov\u011b je to tot\u00e9\u017e co l\u00edh.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips283','Chemick\u00fd n\u00e1zev je ethanol \u010di ethylalkohol. Lidov\u011b je to tot\u00e9\u017e co l\u00edh.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips322','BMI je zkratka pro Body Mass Index, \u010desky \u2013 index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O osteopor\u00f3ze, jak se p\u0159ed n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme chr\u00e1nit a jak\u00e1 je jej\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nCo je osteopor\u00f3za?<br \/>\nOsteopor\u00f3za je pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dast\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed charakteristick\u00e9 pro star\u0161\u00ed osoby. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i n\u011bm k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edku z kost\u00ed a \u0159\u00eddnut\u00ed kostn\u00ed hmoty. Kosti jsou p\u0159i osteopor\u00f3ze k\u0159ehk\u00e9 a velice snadno se l\u00e1mou. U \u017een se nemoc objevuje u\u017e kolem 50. roku v\u011bku, u mu\u017e\u016f v\u011bt\u0161inou pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":431,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-osteoporoza"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/652","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=652"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/652\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":935,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/652\/revisions\/935"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=652"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=652"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}