{"id":666,"date":"2010-10-03T11:10:07","date_gmt":"2010-10-03T09:10:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2010\/10\/03\/132\/"},"modified":"2025-02-07T15:11:34","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T14:11:34","slug":"132","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/132\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdznam b\u00edlkovin ve v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">O slo\u017een\u00ed b\u00edlkovin a jejich v\u00fdznamu pro \u010dlov\u011bka.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/pohyb\/bilkovina%2Csacharid%2C_tuk.jpg\" alt=\"bilkovina,sacharid,_tuk\" width=\"101\" height=\"88\" style=\"float: left\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>B\u00edlkoviny jsou jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch slo\u017eek potravy. V lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed obrovskou \u0159adu funkc\u00ed, pod\u00edlej\u00ed se na jeho stavb\u011b, \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, funkci i obran\u011b. Lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo si v\u0161ak b\u00edlkoviny nedok\u00e1\u017ee vytvo\u0159it jinak, ne\u017e p\u0159em\u011bnou b\u00edlkovin z potravy, a nav\u00edc neum\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny ani uchov\u00e1vat do z\u00e1soby.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co jsou b\u00edlkoviny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u00edlkoviny (tak\u00e9 se jim \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 proteiny) jsou organick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed uhl\u00edk (C), vod\u00edk (H), kysl\u00edk (O) a na rozd\u00edl od <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips235'>sacharid\u016f<\/span> a tuk\u016f tak\u00e9 dus\u00edk (N). B\u00edlkoviny jsou tvo\u0159eny dlouh\u00fdmi \u0159et\u011bzci <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips169'>aminokyselin<\/span>. Zn\u00e1me 20 r\u016fzn\u00fdch <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips169'>aminokyselin<\/span>, ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 sv\u016fj typick\u00fd tvar, velikost a vlastnosti. B\u011b\u017en\u011b se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z 50 a\u017e 2000 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips169'>aminokyselin<\/span> spojen\u00fdch do r\u016fzn\u011b tvarovan\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad do tvaru \u0161roubovice nebo skl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho listu pap\u00edru.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postradateln\u00e9 a nepostradateln\u00e9 aminokyseliny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 aminokyseliny si na\u0161e t\u011blo um\u00ed vytvo\u0159it p\u0159em\u011bnou jin\u00fdch <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips169'>aminokyselin<\/span>, obsa\u017een\u00fdch v potrav\u011b. Nemus\u00edme je tedy p\u0159ij\u00edmat p\u0159\u00edmo. V\u00fdjimku tvo\u0159\u00ed 8 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips169'>aminokyselin<\/span>, kter\u00e9 si lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo vytvo\u0159it nedok\u00e1\u017ee, a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt proto dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny stravou \u2013 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me jim nepostradateln\u00e9 neboli esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed. V dob\u011b d\u011btstv\u00ed a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je esenci\u00e1ln\u00edch dokonce 10 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips169'>aminokyselin<\/span>, proto\u017ee tvorba dal\u0161\u00edch dvou v t\u011ble nesta\u010d\u00ed pot\u0159eb\u00e1m t\u011bla b\u011bhem r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edm v\u00edce se b\u00edlkovina, kterou j\u00edme, bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed sv\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm tomu, co skute\u010dn\u011b pot\u0159ebujeme, t\u00edm je pro n\u00e1s kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a cenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Funkce b\u00edlkovin v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stavebn\u00ed: Mnoho b\u00edlkovin je doslova stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, ze kter\u00e9ho jsou tvo\u0159eny nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b v na\u0161em t\u011ble, nap\u0159\u00edklad svaly, kosti, chrupavky.<\/li>\n<li>Transportn\u00ed: Transportn\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny slou\u017e\u00ed jako dopravn\u00ed prost\u0159edky a s jejich pomoc\u00ed jsou v t\u011ble p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eny r\u016fzn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, nap\u0159\u00edklad krevn\u00ed barvivo hemoglobin.<\/li>\n<li>Obrann\u00e1: N\u011bkter\u00e9 b\u00edlkoviny slou\u017e\u00ed jako protil\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v obran\u011b proti nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm jako nap\u0159. bakterie a viry.<\/li>\n<li>\u0158\u00eddic\u00ed: S jejich pomoc\u00ed t\u011blo \u0159\u00edd\u00ed a reguluje pochody odehr\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch i mimo n\u011b, tuto funkci zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips280'>enzymy<\/span> a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips265'>hormony<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>O vyu\u017eitelnosti b\u00edlkovin, vhodn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch a doporu\u010den\u00e9 denn\u00ed d\u00e1vce se do\u010dtete <a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/zdroje-bilkovin-ve-strave-a-jejich-potreba\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span><em><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Br\u00e1zdov\u00e1, Z.: V\u00fd\u017eiva \u010dlov\u011bka. Vy\u0161kov, 2005, s. 10-124.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>DAV\u00cdDEK, J.: Aminokyseliny, peptidy, b\u00edlkoviny [online], [cit. 2013-11-10]<\/em><\/span>.<br \/><span><em>Ledvina, M.: Biochemie. Karolinum Praha, 1993, s. 13-121.<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty pro p\u0159\u00edjem \u017eivin, str\u00e1nky N\u011bmeck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pro v\u00fd\u017eivu: Deutsche gesellschaft f\u00fcr ern\u00e4hrung &#8211; Referenzwerte f\u00fcr die N\u00e4hrstoffzufuhr [online], [cit. 2013-11-10].<\/em><\/span><br \/><span><em>Va\u0161\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e1, Z., Br\u00e1zdov\u00e1, Z., M\u00fcllerov\u00e1, D.: Frekvence denn\u00edch j\u00eddel a jeji d\u016fsledky u d\u011bti mlad\u0161\u00edho \u0161koln\u00edho v\u011bku [online], [cit. 2013-11-10].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips169','Aminokyseliny jsou organick\u00e9 kyseliny, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed aminoskupinu -NH2. Aminokyseliny jsou z\u00e1kladem b\u00edlkovin a \u201estavebn\u00edm kamenem\u201c v\u0161ech \u017eiv\u00fdch organism\u016f.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips235','Sacharidy\u00a0 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd zdroj energie pro na\u0161e du\u0161evn\u00ed i fyzick\u00e9 aktivity. Jsou obsa\u017eeny nap\u0159\u00edklad v brambor\u00e1ch, r\u00fd\u017ei, t\u011bstovin\u00e1ch, pe\u010divu, ale tak\u00e9 ve sladk\u00fdch pokrmech, n\u00e1poj\u00edch apod.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips280','Enzymy jsou l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed a urychluj\u00ed chemick\u00e9 reakce.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips300','Peptidy vznikaj\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpen\u00edm b\u00edlkovin.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O slo\u017een\u00ed b\u00edlkovin a jejich v\u00fdznamu pro \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nB\u00edlkoviny jsou jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch slo\u017eek potravy. V lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed obrovskou \u0159adu funkc\u00ed, pod\u00edlej\u00ed se na jeho stavb\u011b, \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, funkci i obran\u011b. Lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo si v\u0161ak b\u00edlkoviny nedok\u00e1\u017ee vytvo\u0159it jinak, ne\u017e p\u0159em\u011bnou b\u00edlkovin z potravy, a nav\u00edc neum\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny ani uchov\u00e1vat do z\u00e1soby.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-666","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilkoviny-ve-vyiv"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=666"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1581,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666\/revisions\/1581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}