{"id":684,"date":"2009-11-19T13:01:09","date_gmt":"2009-11-19T12:01:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2009\/11\/19\/102\/"},"modified":"2025-02-07T15:11:34","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T14:11:34","slug":"102","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/102\/","title":{"rendered":"Blahod\u00e1rn\u00e1 vl\u00e1knina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o vl\u00e1knin\u011b v potrav\u011b a jej\u00edm v\u00fdznamu pro zdrav\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: left\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/pohyb\/vlaknina_-_cocka.jpg\" alt=\"vlaknina_-_cocka\" width=\"127\" height=\"125\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co je vl\u00e1knina a z jak\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ji z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vl\u00e1knina je souhrnn\u00fd pojem pro v\u0161echny nestraviteln\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti stravy rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Jeliko\u017e ji n\u00e1\u0161 tr\u00e1vic\u00ed syst\u00e9m neum\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpit, nen\u00ed pro n\u00e1s vl\u00e1knina zdrojem energie. Vl\u00e1kninu lze podle jej\u00ed rozpustnosti ve vod\u011b rozd\u011blit na <strong><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips87'>vl\u00e1kninu rozpustnou<\/span><\/strong> a <strong><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips74'>vl\u00e1kninu nerozpustnou<\/span><\/strong>, je\u017e se li\u0161\u00ed v \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch na organizmus.&nbsp;&nbsp;Po chemick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce se v\u011bt\u0161inou jedn\u00e1 o <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips163'>polysacharidy<\/span>. K vl\u00e1knin\u011b \u0159ad\u00edme p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips245'>celul\u00f3zu<\/span>, hemicelul\u00f3zu, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips302'>lignin<\/span>, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips287'>pektiny<\/span>, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips301'>chitin<\/span>, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips177'>gumy a slizy<\/span> a dal\u0161\u00ed. Jednotliv\u00e9 slo\u017eky <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> jsou v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch zastoupeny v r\u016fzn\u00e9m pom\u011bru.<\/p>\n<p>K nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdroj\u016fm <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> pat\u0159\u00ed obiloviny (obiln\u00e9 otruby, cel\u00e1 zrna, mouka, kroupy, ovesn\u00e9 vlo\u010dky, celozrnn\u00fd chl\u00e9b a pe\u010divo), lu\u0161t\u011bniny, zelenina, ovoce, brambory, sem\u00ednka a o\u0159echy. U obilovin je nejv\u00edce <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> skryto v povrchov\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch zrna, proto je daleko vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> v celozrnn\u00e9 mouce ne\u017e v mouce b\u00edl\u00e9, co\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b plat\u00ed i pro v\u00fdrobky z nich.&nbsp; Hodn\u011b <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> je skryto zejm\u00e9na v bobulovit\u00e9m ovoci, kter\u00e9 obsahuje drobn\u00e1 sem\u00ednka \u2013 nap\u0159. angre\u0161t a ryb\u00edz. Mlad\u00e9 rostliny a mlad\u00e9 plody obsahuj\u00ed hlavn\u011b hemicelul\u00f3zu a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips287'>pektiny<\/span>, u star\u0161\u00edch p\u0159eva\u017euje celul\u00f3za, pektin a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips302'>lignin<\/span>. K p\u0159\u00edjmu <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> mohou p\u0159isp\u00edvat i tzv. <a href=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/69\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">funk\u010dn\u00ed potraviny <\/a>obohacen\u00e9 vl\u00e1kninou, tyto potraviny p\u0159itom nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (nap\u0159. jogurtov\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko s obsahem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak vl\u00e1knina v t\u011ble p\u016fsob\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jednotliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> v organizmu se li\u0161\u00ed podle druhu <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span>. Vl\u00e1knina velmi dob\u0159e v\u00e1\u017ee vodu. Tato schopnost plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na pro nerozpustnou vl\u00e1kninu, kter\u00e1 dob\u0159e bobtn\u00e1 a zv\u011bt\u0161uje tak objem st\u0159evn\u00edho obsahu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e urychluje pas\u00e1\u017e st\u0159evn\u00edho obsahu. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 struktu\u0159e vl\u00e1knina v\u00e1\u017ee r\u016fzn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky (\u017elu\u010dov\u00e9 soli, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky, stopov\u00e9 prvky, \u0161kodliv\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011bhem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips194'>kulin\u00e1rn\u00ed<\/span> p\u0159\u00edpravy stravy, \u2026) a urychluje jejich vylu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed z t\u011bla. Rozpustn\u00e1 vl\u00e1knina je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b \u0161t\u011bpena ve st\u0159ev\u011b pomoc\u00ed bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips280'>enzym\u016f<\/span>, p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 tak i k v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b t\u011bchto mikrob\u016f, je\u017e blahod\u00e1rn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed na st\u0159evn\u00ed trakt i na celkovou imunitu. Nep\u0159\u00edjemnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tohoto procesu je ov\u0161em i tvorba plyn\u016f a nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d je pro n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edjem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> tolik d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div>pom\u00e1h\u00e1 regulovat tr\u00e1ven\u00ed a pravidelnou stolici, \u010d\u00edm\u017e br\u00e1n\u00ed vzniku z\u00e1cpy, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips244'>hemoroid\u016f<\/span> a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips141'>divertikulitidy<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou t\u011blesnou hmotnost<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>sni\u017euje riziko vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1dorem tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva a kone\u010dn\u00edku<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sni\u017eovat hladinu <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips188'>cholesterolu<\/span> a tuk\u016f v krvi, touto schopnost\u00ed vynik\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na pektin, sni\u017euje tak riziko vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srdce a c\u00e9v<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>uplat\u0148uje se v prevenci i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips286'>diabetu<\/span>, nebo\u0165 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 diabetik\u016fm udr\u017eet si stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hladinu cukru v krvi t\u00edm, \u017ee zpomaluje vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed cukru ze st\u0159eva do krve.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>pom\u00e1h\u00e1 odstra\u0148ovat z t\u011bla n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d je dostatek <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> doporu\u010dov\u00e1n p\u0159i reduk\u010dn\u00edch diet\u00e1ch?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, nen\u00ed vl\u00e1knina pro t\u011blo zdrojem energie. P\u0159i tom jsou ale potraviny s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm obsahem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> pom\u011brn\u011b sytiv\u00e9 (strava je objemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed) a dlouho setrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed v \u017ealudku, proto za\u017eenou hlad na del\u0161\u00ed dobu. Tyto potraviny tak\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou mus\u00edme del\u0161\u00ed dobu \u017ev\u00fdkat, j\u00edme je pomaleji a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem i celkov\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b sn\u00edme.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kolik <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> bychom m\u011bli ka\u017ed\u00fd den sn\u00edst?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Podle doporu\u010den\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace je doporu\u010den\u00fd denn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka asi 20-35 g <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> na den. U d\u011bt\u00ed do deseti let je ale doporu\u010den\u00ed trochu jin\u00e9, jako mnemotechnickou pom\u016fcku lze pou\u017e\u00edt pravidlo \u201ev\u011bk d\u00edt\u011bte + 5\u201c, \u010dili nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b by m\u011blo m\u00edt ve strav\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 8 g (3 roky + 5) <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> denn\u011b. Doporu\u010denou hranici nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ekra\u010dovat. Skute\u010dn\u00e1 konzumace je u n\u00e1s v\u011bt\u0161inou podstatn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jsou n\u011bjak\u00e1 \u00faskal\u00ed konzumace <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ano, p\u0159es ve\u0161ker\u00e1 nesporn\u00e1 pozitiva, kter\u00e1 vl\u00e1knina na\u0161emu t\u011blu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed, existuj\u00ed i stavy, kdy je t\u0159eba jej\u00ed spot\u0159ebu do\u010dasn\u011b nebo trvale omezit:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>P\u0159i velk\u00e9m nadbytku <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> ve strav\u011b, zejm\u00e9na ve spojitosti s nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmem tekutin a nedostatkem pohybu, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt&nbsp; k&nbsp;z\u00e1cp\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>Vl\u00e1knina sni\u017euje resorpci n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e1tek z&nbsp;potravy, a i kdy\u017e ve vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00edch je tato ot\u00e1zka jen okrajov\u00e1, mohlo by se st\u00e1t, \u017ee p\u0159i nadm\u011brn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edjmu <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> ve strav\u011b by teoreticky mohlo doj\u00edt ke klinick\u00e9mu nedostatku t\u011bchto slo\u017eek. Proto lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed konzumuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rostlinnou stravu nebo svou stravu obohacuj\u00ed vl\u00e1kninou, by m\u011bli v\u011bnovat pozornost dostate\u010dn\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edjmu miner\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e1tek, hlavn\u011b \u017eeleza, zinku, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku, v\u00e1pn\u00edku. <strong>Za rizikov\u00fd se pova\u017euje pravideln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 60 g\/den. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Vl\u00e1knina pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u011b zat\u011b\u017euje tr\u00e1vic\u00ed trakt, proto jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem mus\u00ed omezit osoby s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi typy onemocn\u011bn\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu, nap\u0159. se z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi st\u0159ev, v poopera\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed apod.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011brem<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vl\u00e1knina tvo\u0159\u00ed nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st zdrav\u00e9 stravy pro v\u0161echny v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorie obyvatel, nebo\u0165 se uplat\u0148uje v prevenci i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b mnoha civiliza\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Jej\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fd ka\u017edodenn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem je t\u0159eba zajistit pravidelnou konzumac\u00ed celozrnn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, lu\u0161t\u011bnin, zeleniny a ovoce.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tabulka: Obsah <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span> v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch porc\u00edch n\u011bkter\u00fdch potravin<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>potravina<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>1 porce<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>mno\u017estv\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips219'>vl\u00e1kniny<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>b\u00edl\u00fd chl\u00e9b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>80 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>2,0 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>celozrnn\u00fd chl\u00e9b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>80 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>7,0 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>m\u00fcsli<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>50 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>4,0 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>corn flakes<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>30 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>0,8 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>celozrnn\u00e9 t\u011bstoviny<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>50 g p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edpravou<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>5,7 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>mrkev<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>100 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>3,4 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>ban\u00e1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>100 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>2,3 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>pomeran\u010d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>150 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>1,6 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>neloupan\u00e1 r\u00fd\u017ee<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>50 g p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edpravou<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>2,4 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p>loupan\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1 r\u00fd\u017ee<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"154\">\n<p>50 g p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edpravou<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"148\">\n<p>1,4 g<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><span>Br\u00e1zdov\u00e1, Z. V\u00fd\u017eiva \u010dlov\u011bka. Vysok\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 \u0161kola pozemn\u00edho vojska. Vy\u0161kov, 1995, s. 37-39<br \/>Manu\u00e1l prevence v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praxi, II. V\u00fd\u017eiva, SZ\u00da Praha, 1995, s.21-23<br \/><\/span><\/em><em><span>Vl\u00e1knina ve v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b<\/span><\/em><em><span>, F\u00f3rum zdrav\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy.<br \/><\/span><\/em><em><span>Vl\u00e1knina v d\u011btsk\u00e9m j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku<\/span><\/em><em><span>. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vyzivadeti.cz\/tiskove-centrum\/tiskove-zpravy\/vlaknina-v-detskem-jidelnicku\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00fd\u017eiva d\u011bt\u00ed<\/a>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips74','Jako nerozpustn\u00e1 vl\u00e1knina se krom\u011b celul\u00f3zy, \u010dasti hemicelul\u00f3z a rezistentn\u00edho \u0161krobu ozna\u010duje tak\u00e9 lignin, kter\u00fd nepat\u0159\u00ed mezi sacharidy.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips87','Hlavn\u00ed slo\u017ekou rozpustn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kniny je pektin. K rozpustn\u00e9 vl\u00e1knin\u011b d\u00e1le \u0159ad\u00edme mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed hemicelul\u00f3z, rostlinn\u00e9 slizy, polysacharidy mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0159as, modifikovan\u00e9 \u0161kroby a celul\u00f3zy.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips141','Divertikulitida je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se ve st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdchlipky (tzv. divertikly), v n\u00edch\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee hromadit st\u0159evn\u00ed obsah a n\u00e1sledn\u011b zahn\u00edvat.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips163','Polysacharidy jsou velk\u00e9 molekuly tvo\u0159en\u00e9 velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm vz\u00e1jemn\u011b nav\u00e1zan\u00fdch jednoduch\u00fdch sacharid\u016f (gluk\u00f3za, man\u00f3za apod.). Klasick\u00fdm z\u00e1stupcem polysacharid\u016f jsou \u0161kroby a glykogen.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips177','Jako gumy a slizy se ozna\u010duj\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny a polysacharidy, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed texturu potravin. Maj\u00ed \u017eelatinuj\u00edc\u00ed, rosolovac\u00ed, emulga\u010dn\u00ed a stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips188','Cholesterol je l\u00e1tka tukov\u00e9 povahy, kter\u00e1 je pro na\u0161e t\u011blo na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b nepostradateln\u00e1 \u2013 tvo\u0159\u00ed se z n\u011bj nap\u0159\u00edklad hormony a vitamin D apod. V nadm\u011brn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee usazovat ve st\u011bn\u00e1ch c\u00e9v a ucp\u00e1vat je. Vyskytuje se ve v\u0161ech \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch, ale nevyskytuje se v rostlin\u00e1ch. \u010c\u00e1st cholesterolu si t\u011blo samo vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st se do t\u011bla dost\u00e1v\u00e1 konzumac\u00ed \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch potravin. Vysok\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem cholesterolu v potrav\u011b zvy\u0161uje riziko vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srdce a c\u00e9v.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips188','Cholesterol je l\u00e1tka tukov\u00e9 povahy, kter\u00e1 je pro na\u0161e t\u011blo na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b nepostradateln\u00e1 \u2013 tvo\u0159\u00ed se z n\u011bj nap\u0159\u00edklad hormony a vitamin D apod. V nadm\u011brn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee usazovat ve st\u011bn\u00e1ch c\u00e9v a ucp\u00e1vat je. Vyskytuje se ve v\u0161ech \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch, ale nevyskytuje se v rostlin\u00e1ch. \u010c\u00e1st cholesterolu si t\u011blo samo vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st se do t\u011bla dost\u00e1v\u00e1 konzumac\u00ed \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch potravin. Vysok\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem cholesterolu v potrav\u011b zvy\u0161uje riziko vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srdce a c\u00e9v.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips194','Kulin\u00e1rn\u00ed vlastnosti = vlastnosti p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b pokrm\u016f, p\u0159i va\u0159en\u00ed.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips219','Vl\u00e1knina jsou sou\u010d\u00e1sti rostlinn\u00fdch potravin, kter\u00e9 na\u0161e t\u011blo nedok\u00e1\u017ee rozlo\u017eit. \u010c\u00e1st vl\u00e1kniny \u0159ad\u00edme mezi sacharidy, \u010d\u00e1st je tvo\u0159ena jin\u00fdmi chemick\u00fdmi slou\u010deninami. Vl\u00e1knina m\u00e1 \u0159adu prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed \u2013 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 formov\u00e1n\u00ed stolice a pravideln\u00e9mu vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00e1\u017ee na sebe vodu a n\u011bkter\u00e9 l\u00e1tky z\u00a0potravy, nap\u0159\u00edklad cholesterol.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips235','Sacharidy\u00a0 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd zdroj energie pro na\u0161e du\u0161evn\u00ed i fyzick\u00e9 aktivity. Jsou obsa\u017eeny nap\u0159\u00edklad v brambor\u00e1ch, r\u00fd\u017ei, t\u011bstovin\u00e1ch, pe\u010divu, ale tak\u00e9 ve sladk\u00fdch pokrmech, n\u00e1poj\u00edch apod.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips244','Hemeroidy jsou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 \u017eiln\u00ed pleten\u011b v oblasti kone\u010dn\u00edku, kter\u00e9 mohou krv\u00e1cet a hnisat.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips245','Celul\u00f3za je v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed organick\u00e1 slou\u010denina. Je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed slo\u017ekou bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch st\u011bn vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch rostlin a je nestraviteln\u00e1 enzymy tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu lid\u00ed.  Je obsa\u017eena hlavn\u011b v obilovin\u00e1ch. P\u0159i ml\u00fdnsk\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed se z obiln\u00fdch zrn odstra\u0148uje.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips280','Enzymy jsou l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed a urychluj\u00ed chemick\u00e9 reakce.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips286','Diabetes = cukrovka'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips287','Pektinov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky jsou hlavn\u00ed slo\u017ekou rozpustn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kniny. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se hlavn\u011b v ovoci, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v jablk\u00e1ch. Absorbuj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody a m\u011bn\u00ed se v \u017eelatinovou hmotu. V\u00fdznamnou m\u00edrou se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na sni\u017eovan\u00ed cholesterolu v krvi.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips301','Chitin se vyskytuje nap\u0159\u00edklad v houb\u00e1ch.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips302','Lignin  se vyskytuje se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch druz\u00edch zeleniny, zejm\u00e9na v mrkvi, kedlubn\u00e1ch, \u0159edkvi\u010dk\u00e1ch a celeru. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah ligninu je v otrub\u00e1ch a konzumovan\u00fdch semenech ovoce, nap\u0159. zahradn\u00edch jahod, malin, ryb\u00edzu aj.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o vl\u00e1knin\u011b v potrav\u011b a jej\u00edm v\u00fdznamu pro zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nCo je vl\u00e1knina a z jak\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ji z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me?<br \/>\nVl\u00e1knina je souhrnn\u00fd pojem pro v\u0161echny nestraviteln\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti stravy rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Jeliko\u017e ji n\u00e1\u0161 tr\u00e1vic\u00ed syst\u00e9m neum\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpit, nen\u00ed pro n\u00e1s vl\u00e1knina zdrojem energie. Vl\u00e1kninu lze podle jej\u00ed rozpustnosti ve vod\u011b rozd\u011blit na vl\u00e1kninu rozpustnou a vl\u00e1kninu nerozpustnou, je\u017e se li\u0161\u00ed v \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch na organizmus.&nbsp;&nbsp;Po chemick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce se v\u011bt\u0161inou jedn\u00e1 o polysacharidy. K vl\u00e1knin\u011b \u0159ad\u00edme p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm celul\u00f3zu, hemicelul\u00f3zu, lignin, pektiny, chitin, gumy a slizy a dal\u0161\u00ed. Jednotliv\u00e9 slo\u017eky vl\u00e1kniny jsou v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch zastoupeny v r\u016fzn\u00e9m pom\u011bru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":466,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sacharidy-ve-vyiv"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=684"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1596,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/684\/revisions\/1596"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}