{"id":739,"date":"2007-11-01T15:22:08","date_gmt":"2007-11-01T14:22:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2007\/11\/01\/65\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:57:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T12:57:12","slug":"65","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/65\/","title":{"rendered":"Toxoplasm\u00f3za"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #003399\">O<\/span><span style=\"color: #003399\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #003399\">ko\u010dk\u00e1ch, syrov\u00e9m mase a toxoplasm\u00f3ze.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"text-align: right;width: 72px;height: 101px;float: left\" title=\"kocka\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/hrozby\/kocka.jpg\" alt=\"kocka\" width=\"181\" height=\"255\" border=\"0\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333\">Toxoplasm\u00f3za je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje jednobun\u011b\u010dn\u00fd <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips277'>parazit<\/span> <em>Toxoplasma gondii<\/em>. Tento <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips277'>parazit<\/span> pot\u0159ebuje ke sv\u00e9mu \u017eivotu jin\u00e9 organismy, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota jich vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00edce \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o teplokrevn\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010dichy v\u010detn\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka. Mno\u017eit se v\u0161ak dok\u00e1\u017ee pouze ve st\u0159evech ko\u010dkovit\u00fdch \u0161elem.<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<p><strong>Jak se m\u016f\u017eeme nakazit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Toxoplasm\u00f3zou se m\u016f\u017eeme nakazit z\u00a0trusu naka\u017een\u00e9 ko\u010dky, ale mnohem \u010dast\u011bji, pokud j\u00edme <strong>syrov\u00e9 nebo nedostate\u010dn\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00e9 maso <\/strong>(mlet\u00e9 maso p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b sekan\u00e9, tatarsk\u00fd biftek, syrov\u00e1 j\u00e1tra\u2026). Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed onemocn\u00ed toxoplasm\u00f3zou, maj\u00ed \u010dasto ve zvyku ochutn\u00e1vat syrov\u00e9 maso p\u0159i kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. U n\u00e1s se \u010dasto jedn\u00e1 o n\u00e1kazu z kr\u00e1li\u010d\u00edho nebo skopov\u00e9ho masa. Maso dob\u0159e tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00e9 je naprosto nez\u00e1vadn\u00e9, nebo\u0165 ji\u017e proh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed na teplotu 70 \u00b0C spolehliv\u011b parazita v mase ni\u010d\u00ed. Podobn\u011b se ni\u010d\u00ed zmra\u017een\u00edm (p\u0159i -20 \u00b0C po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b 24 hodin). K infekci m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt tak\u00e9 vypit\u00edm kontaminovan\u00e9 vody nebo po\u017eit\u00edm nepasterovan\u00e9ho, nep\u0159eva\u0159en\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se m\u016f\u017eeme chr\u00e1nit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div>Maso a vnit\u0159nosti d\u016fkladn\u011b va\u0159\u00edme, pe\u010deme nebo proh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1me. B\u011bhem tepeln\u00e9 \u00fapravy je neochutn\u00e1v\u00e1me. Stejn\u011b tak je neochutn\u00e1v\u00e1me syrov\u00e9.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Um\u00fdv\u00e1me kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9 povrchy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161ly do styku se syrov\u00fdm masem (kuchy\u0148sk\u00e1 linka, prk\u00e9nko apod.).<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Po pr\u00e1ci se syrov\u00fdm masem si d\u016fkladn\u011b umyjeme ruce.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Chr\u00e1n\u00edme j\u00eddlo a potraviny p\u0159ed hmyzem, ovoce a zeleninu p\u0159ed j\u00eddlem om\u00fdv\u00e1me.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Nepijeme nepasterovan\u00e9 nebo nesva\u0159en\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Riziko se d\u00e1 tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit vhodn\u00fdm zamra\u017een\u00edm masa.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Doma chovan\u00e9 ko\u010dky nekrm\u00edme syrov\u00fdm masem nebo vnit\u0159nostmi a p\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ko\u010di\u010d\u00edho &#8222;z\u00e1chodu&#8220; pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me rukavice. To plat\u00ed i p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na zahr\u00e1dce (m\u016f\u017eeme se nakazit i z p\u016fdy, kam ko\u010dky k\u00e1lej\u00ed).<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pokud se nakaz\u00edme, nemoc propukne v\u011bt\u0161inou do 10 dn\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak se nemoc projevuje?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se nej\u010dast\u011bji projevuje ch\u0159ipkovit\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 teplota, bolesti hlavy a sval\u016f, \u00fanava. Sou\u010dasn\u011b b\u00fdvaj\u00ed zdu\u0159el\u00e9 m\u00edzn\u00ed uzliny. <em>Toxoplasma<\/em> m\u016f\u017ee napadnout i samostatn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny \u2013 oko, mozek a jin\u00e9 \u2013 a p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou pak lokalizov\u00e1ny do p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 oblasti.<\/p>\n<p>\u010casto ale infekce prob\u011bhne \u00fapln\u011b nepozorovan\u011b, pak se jedn\u00e1 o tzv. <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips231'>latentn\u00ed<\/span> formu n\u00e1kazy.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud onemocn\u00ed toxoplasm\u00f3zou t\u011bhotn\u00e1 \u017eena, je zde riziko p\u0159enosu n\u00e1kazy na plod, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee kon\u010dit i potratem nebo t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm plodu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong><em><span>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><em><span>V\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdbor pro potraviny: Aliment\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed (infekce a otravy z potravin) SZU Brno 2005<br \/>Manu\u00e1l prevence v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praxi, 3. LF a SZU, souborn\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed 2004.<br \/><\/span><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/parasites\/toxoplasmosis\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><span>Toxoplasmosis<\/span><\/em><\/a><em><span>, Fact sheet. Center for diseases Control and Prevention, Dept. of Health and Human Services, Division of Parasitic Diseases.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips231','Latentn\u00ed = skryt\u00fd,\u00e1'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips277','Parazit (cizopasn\u00edk) je organizmus, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jin\u00e9 organismy (hostitele) jako zdroj sv\u00e9 potravy i jako st\u00e1l\u00e9 nebo do\u010dasn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a sv\u00e9mu hostiteli tak p\u0159\u00edmo nebo nep\u0159\u00edmo \u0161kod\u00ed.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips327','EPA = eikosapentaenov\u00e1 kyselina'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O ko\u010dk\u00e1ch, syrov\u00e9m mase a toxoplasm\u00f3ze.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Toxoplasm\u00f3za je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje jednobun\u011b\u010dn\u00fd parazit Toxoplasma gondii. Tento parazit pot\u0159ebuje ke sv\u00e9mu \u017eivotu jin\u00e9 organismy, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota jich vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00edce \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o teplokrevn\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010dichy v\u010detn\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka. Mno\u017eit se v\u0161ak dok\u00e1\u017ee pouze ve st\u0159evech ko\u010dkovit\u00fdch \u0161elem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pn-parazitarni"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=739"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":847,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/739\/revisions\/847"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}