{"id":771,"date":"2006-12-28T14:48:53","date_gmt":"2006-12-28T13:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/2006\/12\/28\/5\/"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:57:11","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T12:57:11","slug":"5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/5\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e1p\u00ed V\u00e1s potravinov\u00e9 alergie?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><span style=\"color: #003399\">Co jsou potravinov\u00e9 alergie \u2013 jak vznikaj\u00ed a pro\u010d? Kter\u00e9 potraviny jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergeny<\/span>? M\u016f\u017ee se alergie na potraviny rozvinout u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, lze n\u011bjak alergii p\u0159edch\u00e1zet? A co d\u011blat, kdy\u017e ji\u017e alergi\u00ed trp\u00edme? <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens-files\/stories\/hrozby\/plisnak-u-dveri.jpg\" alt=\"plisnak-u-dveri\" width=\"110\" height=\"127\" style=\"text-align: left;float: left\" title=\"plisnak-u-dveri\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Co je vlastn\u011b alergie a co ji zp\u016fsobuje?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">Alergick\u00e1 reakce je nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 obrann\u00e1 reakce organismu na n\u011bkter\u00e9 molekuly &#8211; antigeny. N\u00e1\u0161 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips117'>imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/span> vyhodnot\u00ed molekulu, kter\u00e1 je b\u011b\u017en\u011b pro t\u011blo ne\u0161kodn\u00e1 (nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u00edlkovinu kravsk\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka), jako cizorodou, a spust\u00ed proti n\u00ed obrann\u00e9 reakce. Proto\u017ee jde o p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 silnou reakci, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 vlastn\u00edch bun\u011bk t\u011bla \u2013 rozv\u00edj\u00ed se alergick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky jako ekz\u00e9m, otoky, d\u00fdchac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee nebo pr\u016fjem. <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips117'>imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/span> si nav\u00edc chybn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed molekuly ulo\u017e\u00ed do pam\u011bti a p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m dal\u0161\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00ed se nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 reakce opakuje \u2013 vznik\u00e1 alergick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Antigeny a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergeny<\/span> kolem n\u00e1s <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Antigen<\/strong> je molekula, kter\u00e1 je schopn\u00e1 vyvolat imunitn\u00ed reakci. Takov\u00e9to molekuly se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad na povrchu bakteri\u00ed, vir\u016f, ale i v potravin\u00e1ch, pylech, srsti a pe\u0159\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at,\u2026zkr\u00e1tka v\u0161ude kolem n\u00e1s. Antigeny jsou nej\u010dast\u011bji b\u00edlkoviny, ale mohou jimi b\u00fdt i jin\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. <br \/><strong><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergen<\/span><\/strong> je takov\u00fd typ antigenu, kter\u00fd je schopn\u00fd vyvolat mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b silnou imunitn\u00ed reakci (alergickou reakci), p\u0159esto\u017ee jde vlastn\u011b o t\u011blu ne\u0161kodnou molekulu.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>M\u00e1m se alergie na potraviny ob\u00e1vat pr\u00e1v\u011b j\u00e1?<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">Alergi\u00ed na potraviny trp\u00ed asi 3\u20134 % d\u011bt\u00ed, s rostouc\u00edm v\u011bkem se ale jejich po\u010det sni\u017euje, proto\u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 alergie \u201evyhas\u00ednaj\u00ed&#8220; \u2013 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips117'>imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/span> se nau\u010d\u00ed potravinu tolerovat.<br \/>Sklon k alergick\u00fdm reakc\u00edm je d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fd, tak\u017ee pokud ve va\u0161\u00ed rodin\u011b ji\u017e n\u011bkdo alergi\u00ed trp\u00ed, je ur\u010dit\u00e9 riziko, \u017ee se vyvine i u v\u00e1s. Ned\u011bd\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edmo konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed alergie, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e celkov\u00e1 n\u00e1chylnost k <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips112'>alergick\u00e9 reakci<\/span>. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee\u00a0 zat\u00edmco jeden z rodi\u010d\u016f trp\u00ed alergi\u00ed na pyl b\u0159\u00edzy a druh\u00fd na v\u010del\u00ed bodnut\u00ed, vy m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt alergi\u010dt\u00ed na ml\u00e9ko. P\u0159i v\u00fdskytu alergie u jednoho rodi\u010de je asi 40% riziko rozvoje alergie u d\u00edt\u011bte, jsou-li alergi\u010dt\u00ed oba rodi\u010de, je riziko a\u017e 70 %. Pokud trp\u00ed alergi\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161 sourozenec, je pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee budete alergik 30 %. \u017de zat\u00edm nepozorujete \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 alergick\u00e9 projevy po po\u017eit\u00ed potravin? Nemus\u00edte m\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b vyhr\u00e1no! Alergie, v\u010detn\u011b potravinov\u00fdch, se mohou rozvinout v kter\u00e9mkoli v\u011bku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergeny<\/span> s ohledem na v\u011bk<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">Rizikovost jednotliv\u00fdch potravin se s v\u011bkem m\u011bn\u00ed. U d\u011bt\u00ed do 3 let je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alergie na b\u00edlkovinu kravsk\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka, na vaje\u010dn\u00fd b\u00edlek, s\u00f3ju. Pr\u00e1v\u011b alergie na b\u00edlkovinu kravsk\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka a vaje\u010dn\u00fd b\u00edlek maj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tendenci vyhas\u00ednat. Alergie na s\u00f3ju b\u00fdv\u00e1 celo\u017eivotn\u00ed. Ve \u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku pak za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed p\u0159evl\u00e1dat alergie na m\u00e1k, o\u0159echy, ara\u0161\u00eddy, celer a dal\u0161\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 rostlinn\u00e9 potraviny. V dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed se zvy\u0161uje po\u010det alergik\u016f na ryby, mo\u0159sk\u00e9 produkty, ko\u0159en\u00ed, exotick\u00e9 ovoce a alkoholick\u00e9 n\u00e1poje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Prevence a l\u00e9\u010dba potravinov\u00fdch alergi\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">Je\u0161t\u011b ned\u00e1vno byli v\u011bdci p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee vzniku potravinov\u00fdch alergi\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe p\u0159edejdeme t\u00edm, kdy\u017e rizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed potraviny za\u0159ad\u00edme do j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku d\u011bt\u00ed s alergickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed v rodin\u011b a\u017e po ukon\u010den\u00ed 1. roku \u017eivota. Uk\u00e1zalo se v\u0161ak, \u017ee tomu tak nen\u00ed. Jako nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prevenci rozvoje alergi\u00ed doporu\u010duje <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips273'>ESPGHAN<\/span> krmen\u00ed pouze mate\u0159sk\u00fdm ml\u00e9kem do ukon\u010den\u00e9ho 4.\u20136. m\u011bs\u00edce v\u011bku d\u00edt\u011bte a pot\u00e9 za\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00ed pestr\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru potravin s t\u00edm, \u017ee je i d\u00e1le pod\u00e1v\u00e1no mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko. <br \/>Pokud ji\u017e alergi\u00ed na ur\u010ditou potravinu trp\u00edte, je nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou vylou\u010den\u00ed t\u00e9to potraviny z j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku &#8211; tzv. <strong><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips232'>eliminace<\/span><\/strong>. Pokud jste v\u0161ak alergi\u010dt\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed potraviny nebo na v\u00edce potravin najednou, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt probl\u00e9m sestavit bez nich plnohodnotn\u00fd j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek. Pak mus\u00edme bu\u010f dod\u00e1vat chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eiviny jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, nebo v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech \u010d\u00e1st alergizuj\u00edc\u00edch potravin v j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku ponechat a pod\u00e1vat l\u00e9ky, potla\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed projevy alergie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Jak zjist\u00edme zda a na co jsme alergi\u010dt\u00ed?<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">M\u00edv\u00e1te ekz\u00e9my, opakovan\u00e9 nebo dlouhodob\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edvac\u00ed probl\u00e9my, d\u00fdchac\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee? P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pr\u00e1v\u011b v nerozpoznan\u00e9 alergii na n\u011bkterou slo\u017eku stravy. Nejenom pr\u016fjmy, ale i dlouhodob\u00e1 r\u00fdma, z\u00e1n\u011bty spojivek, <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips306'>astma<\/span> a dal\u0161\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee mohou b\u00fdt d\u016fsledkem alergie. Odhalit, kter\u00fd <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergen<\/span> n\u00e1m \u0161kod\u00ed, je \u010dasto velmi slo\u017eit\u00e9. M\u00e1te-li podez\u0159en\u00ed na alergii, nav\u0161tivte nejl\u00e9pe l\u00e9ka\u0159e-alergologa, kter\u00fd V\u00e1s vy\u0161et\u0159\u00ed. <br \/>Ne v\u017edy se ale poda\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu naj\u00edt a postupuje se empiricky:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">zapisujte si v\u0161e, co pijete a j\u00edte a z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161echny zdravotn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">pokud m\u00e1te podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e1 potravina v\u00e1m p\u016fsob\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee, vynechejte ji nejm\u00e9n\u011b na t\u00fdden z j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku, vyhn\u011bte se i v\u0161em potravin\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 ji obsahuj\u00ed (\u010dt\u011bte slo\u017een\u00ed v\u0161ech potravin -nesta\u010d\u00ed nej\u00edst nap\u0159\u00edklad ml\u00e9ko a ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, ale i cukrovinky nebo pe\u010divo s obsahem ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 b\u00edlkoviny)<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">v\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b dodr\u017eujte co nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek, vyh\u00fdbejte se dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdm a t\u011b\u017eko straviteln\u00fdm j\u00eddl\u016fm<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">pot\u00e9 za\u0159a\u010fte podez\u0159elou potravinu, nejprve v mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed, pozorujte mo\u017enou reakci minim\u00e1ln\u011b po dobu 2 dn\u016f, op\u011bt zapisujte j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek i pot\u00ed\u017ee<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">pokud se pot\u00ed\u017ee neobjev\u00ed, pod\u00e1vejte potravinu opakovan\u011b, mno\u017estv\u00ed zvy\u0161ujte<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017eete pokra\u010dovat v testov\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch potravin<\/span>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\"><strong>Anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok \u2013 smrteln\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #4e4e4e\">Jde o nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed alergickou reakci. Po po\u017eit\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips50'>alergizuj\u00edc\u00ed potraviny<\/span> dojde k prudk\u00e9mu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed c\u00e9v a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed propustnosti jejich st\u011bny \u2013 z c\u00e9v unik\u00e1 tekutina, tvo\u0159\u00ed se otoky a prudce kles\u00e1 krevn\u00ed tlak, zrychluje se srde\u010dn\u00ed akce. M\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt a\u017e k selh\u00e1n\u00ed krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu. Otok d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest ohro\u017euje alergika zadu\u0161en\u00edm. Bez pomoci m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok i k smrti, a to b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut. Pokud byste byli sv\u011bdky takov\u00e9 reakce, je nutn\u00e9 ihned volat rychlou z\u00e1chrannou slu\u017ebu. Anafylaktickou reakc\u00ed jsou ohro\u017eeni hlavn\u011b ti, u kter\u00fdch se alergie projevuje d\u00fdchac\u00edmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi. Pokud se ji\u017e u alergika anafylaktick\u00e1 reakce v minulosti objevila, m\u011bl by v\u017edy u sebe nosit z\u00e1chrann\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dek s injekc\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips183'>kortikoid\u016f<\/span>\u00a0a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips201'>adrenalinu<\/span>. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm by se ale m\u011bl velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b vyh\u00fdbat kontaktu s alergenem. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed vzniku anafylaktick\u00e9ho \u0161oku je, pokud se z\u00e1rove\u0148 alergik vystav\u00ed p\u016fsoben\u00ed <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips275'>alergenu<\/span> a <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips283'>alkoholu<\/span>, nebezpe\u010d\u00ed roste i p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 pohybov\u00e9 aktivit\u011b, p\u0159i infek\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,&#8230;<strong>\u00a0<br \/><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><span><strong><em>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura<br \/><\/em><\/strong><\/span><em><span><br \/>Bystro\u0148, J.: Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed trendy v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b alergi\u00ed, Causa Subita, 4, 2001, \u010d.2, s.53-56.<br \/>Fuchs, M.: Alergie \u010d\u00edh\u00e1 v j\u00eddle a pit\u00ed, 2.vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, 2007, nakl. Adela, 267s., ISBN 8090253229 <br \/>Fuchs, M.: Potravinov\u00e1 alergie, Causa Subita, 3, 2000, \u010d.6, s.27-29.<br \/>Fuchs, M.: Potravinov\u00e9 alergie, 1.vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, 2013, Maxdorf, 44s., ISBN 978-80-7345-335-0<br \/>Fuchs, M.: Potravinov\u00e1 alergie a intolerance, 1.vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, 2016, Mlad\u00e1 Fronta, 448s.,ISBN 978-80-204-3757-0<br \/>Koletzko, S., Niggemann, B. et al.:\u00a0 Diagnostic Approach and Management of Cow\u00b4s \u2013Milk Protein Allergy in Infants and Children: <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips273'>ESPGHAN<\/span> GI Committee Practical Guidelines; port\u00e1l Evropsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pro d\u011btskou gastroenterologii, hepatologii a v\u00fd\u017eivu (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.espghan.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/guidelines_pdf\/Diagnostic_Approach_and_Management_of_Cow_s_Milk.28.pdf\">http:\/\/www.<span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips273'>ESPGHAN<\/span>.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/guidelines_pdf\/Diagnostic_Approach_and_Management_of_Cow_s_Milk.28.pdf<\/a> cit. 27.9.2016)<br \/>Petr\u016f, V., Kr\u010dmov\u00e1, I.: Anafylaxe, \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed alergie, 2011, Maxdorf, 44s., ISBN 9788073452117<br \/>Schneiderov\u00e1, H.: Akutn\u00ed alergick\u00e9 stavy \u2013 terapie, seri\u00e1l o alergi\u00edch \u2013 5.\u010d\u00e1st, Causa Subita, 3, 2000, \u010d.6, s.5-6.<br \/>\u0160pi\u010d\u00e1k, V.: Alergie, seri\u00e1l o alergi\u00edch \u2013 1. \u010d\u00e1st, Causa Subita, 3, 2000, \u010d.2, s.5-7. <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><em><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips50','Potravina vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed alergickou reakci; s\u00a0obsahem alergenu.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips112','Alergick\u00e1 reakce je vlastn\u011b p\u0159ehnan\u00e1 reakce obrann\u00e9ho (imunitn\u00edho) syst\u00e9mu t\u011bla. Alergickou reakci m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat cel\u00e1 \u0159ada potravin. V\u00edce informac\u00ed o n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00a0nich se dozv\u00edte ve \u010dl\u00e1nku Potravinov\u00e9 alergie.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips117','Imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m zaji\u0161\u0165uje obranu t\u011bla proti nemocem. Zahrnuje v\u0161echny obrann\u00e9 reakce proti vir\u016fm, bakteri\u00edm, cizorod\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m apod. Imunita znamen\u00e1 obranyschopnost.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips183','<p>Kortikoidy jsou hormon&aacute;ln\u011b p\u016fsob&iacute;c&iacute; l&aacute;tky, kter&eacute; tlum&iacute; imunitn&iacute; reakci. Kortikoidy se vyr&aacute;b\u011bj&iacute; synteticky, ale jsou chemicky shodn&eacute; s <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips265'>hormony<\/span>, kter&eacute; vznikaj&iacute; v k\u016f\u0159e nadledvin (kortikosteroidy, nap\u0159&iacute;klad hormon kortizol).<\/p>'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips201','<p>Adrenalin je hormon, kter&yacute; p\u016fsob&iacute; na c&eacute;vn&iacute; st\u011bny, br&aacute;n&iacute; jejich roz&scaron;&iacute;\u0159en&iacute; a poklesu krevn&iacute;ho tlaku. V lidsk&eacute;m t\u011ble je adrenalin produkov&aacute;n d\u0159en&iacute; nadledvin.<\/p>'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips202','<p>Adrenalin je hormon, kter&yacute; p\u016fsob&iacute; na c&eacute;vn&iacute; st\u011bny, br&aacute;n&iacute; jejich roz&scaron;&iacute;\u0159en&iacute; a poklesu krevn&iacute;ho tlaku. V lidsk&eacute;m t\u011ble je adrenalin produkov&aacute;n d\u0159en&iacute; nadledvin.<\/p>'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips232','Vynech\u00e1n\u00ed nesn\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 potraviny z\u00a0j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips273','<p><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips273'>ESPGHAN<\/span> = Evropsk&aacute; spole\u010dnost pro d\u011btskou gastroenterologii, hepatologii a v&yacute;\u017eivu.<\/p>'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips275','Alergen je sou\u010d\u00e1st b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u00ed obrannou reakci v t\u011ble alergika. Jako alergen p\u016fsob\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, negativn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed jen na jedince, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed naru\u0161enou imunitu ve smyslu p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 citlivosti. Alergen\u016f je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergiky p\u016fsob\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergeny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips275','Alergen je sou\u010d\u00e1st b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u00ed obrannou reakci v t\u011ble alergika. Jako alergen p\u016fsob\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, negativn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed jen na jedince, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed naru\u0161enou imunitu ve smyslu p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 citlivosti. Alergen\u016f je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergiky p\u016fsob\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergeny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips275','Alergen je sou\u010d\u00e1st b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u00ed obrannou reakci v t\u011ble alergika. Jako alergen p\u016fsob\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, negativn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed jen na jedince, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed naru\u0161enou imunitu ve smyslu p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 citlivosti. Alergen\u016f je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergiky p\u016fsob\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 alergeny.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips283','Chemick\u00fd n\u00e1zev je ethanol \u010di ethylalkohol. Lidov\u011b je to tot\u00e9\u017e co l\u00edh.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips283','Chemick\u00fd n\u00e1zev je ethanol \u010di ethylalkohol. Lidov\u011b je to tot\u00e9\u017e co l\u00edh.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips306','Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k otoku sliznic pr\u016fdu\u0161ek a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 sekreci hlenu v pr\u016fdu\u0161k\u00e1ch s n\u00e1sledkem akutn\u00ed dechov\u00e9 nedostate\u010dnosti.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips326','DHA = dokosahexaenov\u00e1 kyselina'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips327','EPA = eikosapentaenov\u00e1 kyselina'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co jsou potravinov\u00e9 alergie \u2013 jak vznikaj\u00ed a pro\u010d? Kter\u00e9 potraviny jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi alergeny? M\u016f\u017ee se alergie na potraviny rozvinout u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, lze n\u011bjak alergii p\u0159edch\u00e1zet? A co d\u011blat, kdy\u017e ji\u017e alergi\u00ed trp\u00edme?<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Co je vlastn\u011b alergie a co ji zp\u016fsobuje?<br \/>\nAlergick\u00e1 reakce je nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 obrann\u00e1 reakce organismu na n\u011bkter\u00e9 molekuly &#8211; antigeny. N\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m vyhodnot\u00ed molekulu, kter\u00e1 je b\u011b\u017en\u011b pro t\u011blo ne\u0161kodn\u00e1 (nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u00edlkovinu kravsk\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka), jako cizorodou, a spust\u00ed proti n\u00ed obrann\u00e9 reakce. Proto\u017ee jde o p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 silnou reakci, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 vlastn\u00edch bun\u011bk t\u011bla \u2013 rozv\u00edj\u00ed se alergick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky jako ekz\u00e9m, otoky, d\u00fdchac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee nebo pr\u016fjem. Imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m si nav\u00edc chybn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed molekuly ulo\u017e\u00ed do pam\u011bti a p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m dal\u0161\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00ed se nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 reakce opakuje \u2013 vznik\u00e1 alergick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-potravni-alergie"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=771"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":814,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/771\/revisions\/814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viscojis.cz\/teens\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}